Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2013 Mar;91(2):140-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02332.x. Epub 2012 Jan 26.
To examine the heritability of corneal refraction power (CR) and corneal astigmatism (AST) in older women.
Corneal refraction and AST were measured by IOL master in 52 monozygotic (MZ) and 47 dizygotic (DZ) female twin pairs aged 66-79 years. The relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to individual differences in CR was estimated by applying an independent pathway model to the twin data and AST by intraclass correlations (ICC).
For the right eye, mean CR was 44.58 dioptres (D) (standard deviation (SD) ±1.28) When comparing CR of the right and left eye between MZ and DZ, no significant difference was found. Mean AST was 0.77 D (SD ±0.44) with no differences observed either between the MZ and the DZ individuals, or between the left and the right eyes. ICCs between the sisters for CR were, for the right eye, 0.882 and 0.378 for MZ and DZ, respectively, and for the left eye 0.855 and 0.358. For AST of the right eye, the ICCs were 0.533 and 0.096 for the MZ and DZ pairs, respectively, and for the left eye, the MZ and DZ correlations were 0.396 and 0.299. Quantitative genetic modelling showed that 81% of the variance in CR could be explained by genetic factors, additive genetic factors explaining 62% (95% confidence interval [CI] 44% -86%) and dominant genetic effect 19% (95% CI 7-49%) of the variance in CR. Different models were constructed to explain the heredity of AST. None of these models gave meaningful results, although the ICC values for MZ were higher than those for DZ.
Most of the variance in CR among older Finnish women could be explained by genetic factors.
研究老年女性角膜屈光度（CR）和角膜散光（AST）的遗传性。
采用 IOL master 对 52 对同卵（MZ）和 47 对异卵（DZ）女性双胞胎（年龄 66-79 岁）的角膜折射和 AST 进行测量。通过将独立途径模型应用于双胞胎数据，并通过组内相关系数（ICC）来评估 CR 个体差异的遗传和环境因素的相对贡献。
右眼平均 CR 为 44.58 屈光度（D）（标准差（SD）±1.28）。比较 MZ 和 DZ 右眼和左眼的 CR，发现无显著差异。平均 AST 为 0.77 D（SD±0.44），MZ 和 DZ 个体之间或左眼和右眼之间均无差异。右眼 CR 的姐妹间 ICC 分别为 MZ 和 DZ 个体的 0.882 和 0.378，左眼的 ICC 分别为 0.855 和 0.358。右眼 AST 的 ICC 分别为 MZ 和 DZ 对的 0.533 和 0.096，左眼的 MZ 和 DZ 相关性分别为 0.396 和 0.299。定量遗传模型显示，CR 变异的 81%可以用遗传因素来解释，其中加性遗传因素解释了 62%（95%置信区间[CI] 44%-86%），显性遗传效应占 19%（95%CI 7%-49%）。构建了不同的模型来解释 AST 的遗传性。尽管 MZ 的 ICC 值高于 DZ，但这些模型都没有给出有意义的结果。
芬兰老年女性 CR 的大部分变异可以用遗传因素来解释。
