Rothwell J C
UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2012 Jun;114(5):432-5. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.12.053. Epub 2012 Jan 26.
The motoneuronal outputs from cortex and spinal cord have quite different patterns of organisation. The cortex consists of a highly intermixed mosaic of small output zones whereas the motoneurones in the cord are located in clearly defined columns of cells, that all project to the same muscle. I describe the pattern of innervation between cortex and cord, indicate the importance of cortical plasticity in allowing flexible control of spinal circuits, and show how these inputs interact. Finally I discuss some of the new methods of stimulating descending motor pathways in humans.
来自皮层和脊髓的运动神经元输出具有截然不同的组织模式。皮层由高度混合的小输出区镶嵌而成，而脊髓中的运动神经元则位于明确界定的细胞柱中，所有这些细胞柱都投射到同一块肌肉。我描述了皮层和脊髓之间的神经支配模式，指出皮层可塑性在灵活控制脊髓回路方面的重要性，并展示了这些输入是如何相互作用的。最后，我讨论了一些刺激人类下行运动通路的新方法。
