Chorell Elin, Svensson Michael B, Moritz Thomas, Antti Henrik
Computational Life Science Cluster, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
Mol Biosyst. 2012 Apr;8(4):1187-96. doi: 10.1039/c2mb05428k. Epub 2012 Jan 27.
An excessive energy intake combined with a low level of physical activity induces detrimental processes involved in disease development, e.g. type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However the underlying mechanisms for regulation of metabolic capacity and fitness status remain unclear. Metabolomics involves global studies of the metabolic reactions in an organism or cell. Thus hypotheses regarding biochemical events can be generated to increase the understanding of disease development and thereby aid in the development of novel treatments or preventions. We present the first standardized intervention study focusing on characterizing the human metabolome in relation to moderate differences in cardiorespiratory fitness. Gas chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) was used to characterize 460 plasma samples from 27 individuals divided into two groups based on physical fitness level (VO(2)max). Multi- and univariate between group comparisons based on 197 metabolites were carried out in samples collected at rest prior to any intervention, over time following a nutritional load or a standardized exercise scheme, with and without nutritional load. We detected decreased levels of gamma-tocopherol (GT), a vitamin E isomer, in response to a high fitness level, whereas the opposite was seen for the alpha isomer (AT). In addition, the high fitness level was associated with elevated ω3-PUFA (DHA, 22 : 6ω3) and a decrease in ω6-PUFA (18 : 2ω6) as well as in saturated (16 : 0, 18 : 0), monounsaturated (18 : 1) and trans (16 : 1) fatty acids. We thus hypothesize that high fitness status induces an increased cardiorespiratory inflammatory and antioxidant defense system, more prone to deal with the inflammatory response following exercise and nutrition intake.
能量摄入过多与身体活动水平低下会引发疾病发展过程中的有害进程，如2型糖尿病和心血管疾病。然而，调节代谢能力和健康状况的潜在机制仍不清楚。代谢组学涉及对生物体或细胞中代谢反应的全面研究。因此，可以提出有关生化事件的假设，以增进对疾病发展的理解，从而有助于开发新的治疗方法或预防措施。我们开展了第一项标准化干预研究，重点是表征与心肺适能适度差异相关的人类代谢组。气相色谱-飞行时间/质谱联用仪（GC-TOF/MS）用于表征来自27名个体的460份血浆样本，这些个体根据身体适能水平（最大摄氧量）分为两组。基于197种代谢物，在任何干预之前的静息状态下采集的样本中，以及在营养负荷或标准化运动方案之后、有或没有营养负荷的不同时间点，进行了多变量和单变量组间比较。我们检测到，γ-生育酚（GT）（一种维生素E异构体）的水平因高适能水平而降低，而α异构体（AT）则相反。此外，高适能水平与ω3-多不饱和脂肪酸（DHA，22:6ω3）升高、ω6-多不饱和脂肪酸（18:2ω6）以及饱和脂肪酸（16:0、18:0）、单不饱和脂肪酸（18:1）和反式脂肪酸（16:1）降低有关。因此，我们假设高适能状态会诱导心肺炎症和抗氧化防御系统增强，更易于应对运动和营养摄入后的炎症反应。
