癌症患者的神经急症：诊断与管理。

Neurologic emergencies in patients who have cancer: diagnosis and management.

机构信息

Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 337C Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

出版信息

Neurol Clin. 2012 Feb;30(1):101-28, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2011.09.004. Epub 2011 Oct 14.

DOI:10.1016/j.ncl.2011.09.004

PMID:22284057

Abstract

The nervous system can be significantly affected by cancer. Neurologic symptoms are present in 30% to 50% of oncologic patients presenting to the emergency department or in neurologic consultation at teaching hospitals. Evaluation and treatment require collaborative effort between specialties. The causes of neurologic emergencies in patients with cancer are mostly related to effects of cancer, toxicities of treatments, infections, and paraneoplastic syndromes. These complications cause significant morbidity and mortality and require prompt and accurate diagnostic and treatment measures. This article reviews the common neurologic emergencies affecting patients with cancer and discusses epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment modalities.

摘要

神经系统可能会受到癌症的严重影响。在前往急诊室就诊的肿瘤患者中，有 30%至 50%存在神经症状；在教学医院接受神经科会诊的患者中，这一比例则为 30%至 50%。评估和治疗需要多学科协作。癌症患者发生神经急症的原因主要与癌症的影响、治疗毒性、感染和副肿瘤综合征有关。这些并发症会导致严重的发病率和死亡率，需要及时、准确的诊断和治疗措施。本文回顾了影响癌症患者的常见神经急症，并讨论了其流行病学、临床表现、诊断和治疗方法。