Piñeiro Roberto, Falasca Marco
Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The Lodon School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Istitute, Centre for Diabetes, Inositide Signalling Group, Lodon E1 2AT, UK.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Apr;1821(4):694-705. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.01.009. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) is a bioactive lipid generated by phospholipase A2 which is believed to play an important role in several diseases. Indeed LPI can affect various functions such as cell growth, differentiation and motility, in a number of cell-types, including cancer cells, endothelial cells and nervous cells. Despite the fact that LPI-induced cellular functions had been known for more than twenty years, the recent discovery that in several cell-types the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR55 acts as the specific receptor for LPI has fuelled novel interest in this lysolipid. Different research groups, including our own, have recently suggested that LPI may be the specific and functional ligand for GPR55, triggering signalling cascades that are relevant to cell proliferation, migration, survival and tumourigenesis. Recently published data suggest that the LPI/GPR55 axis plays an important role in different physiological and pathological contexts. Here we review the available data supporting the role of LPI in cell signalling and the pharmacology of its putative receptor GPR55.
溶血磷脂酰肌醇（LPI）是一种由磷脂酶A2产生的生物活性脂质，据信它在多种疾病中发挥重要作用。事实上，LPI能够影响多种细胞类型（包括癌细胞、内皮细胞和神经细胞）的各种功能，如细胞生长、分化和运动。尽管LPI诱导的细胞功能已为人所知二十多年，但最近发现孤儿G蛋白偶联受体GPR55在多种细胞类型中作为LPI的特异性受体，这激发了人们对这种溶血脂质的新兴趣。包括我们自己在内的不同研究小组最近表明，LPI可能是GPR55的特异性和功能性配体，触发与细胞增殖、迁移、存活和肿瘤发生相关的信号级联反应。最近发表的数据表明，LPI/GPR55轴在不同的生理和病理背景中发挥重要作用。在此，我们综述支持LPI在细胞信号传导中的作用及其假定受体GPR55药理学的现有数据。
