Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK.
Environ Pollut. 2012 Apr;163:273-80. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.038. Epub 2012 Jan 28.
Roads and exhaust emissions can affect plant communities directly, for example via direct foliar uptake of exhaust products, or indirectly via changes to soil biogeochemistry and hydrology. A transect study adjacent to roads of different traffic densities was carried out at three species-rich calcareous grasslands in south eastern England. Measured annual NO(2) concentrations and modelled NH(3) concentrations increased towards the roads and with higher traffic densities, and there was evidence of increased soil moisture, pH and heavy metal concentrations at roadsides. Increases in the abundance of nitrogen (N) tolerant species and grasses at roadsides were associated with N enrichment from vehicle exhausts at two of the sites. In contrast plant species richness, the abundance of forb and moss species declined at roadside locations. As vehicle usage spreads across the world, it is increasingly important to understand the effects of road traffic on adjacent ecosystems to inform traffic and conservation management policies.
道路和废气排放会直接影响植物群落，例如通过废气产物的直接叶面吸收，或者通过改变土壤生物地球化学和水文学间接影响。在英格兰东南部的三个富钙草地中，进行了一条毗邻不同交通密度道路的横断面研究。测量的年度二氧化氮浓度和模型化的氨浓度朝着道路和交通密度较高的方向增加，并且有证据表明路边的土壤湿度、pH 值和重金属浓度增加。在两个地点，路边氮耐受物种和草类的丰度增加与车辆尾气中的氮富集有关。相比之下，植物物种丰富度、草本和苔藓物种的丰度在路边位置下降。随着车辆在全球范围内的使用，了解道路交通对相邻生态系统的影响对于为交通和保护管理政策提供信息变得越来越重要。
