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阿托伐他汀通过调节 p48Cre/+ LSL-KrasG12D/+ 小鼠中的 PI3/AKT 信号通路来延缓胰腺病变向癌的进展。

Atorvastatin delays progression of pancreatic lesions to carcinoma by regulating PI3/AKT signaling in p48Cre/+ LSL-KrasG12D/+ mice.

机构信息

Center for Chemoprevention and Cancer Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hem-Onc Section, PC Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.

出版信息

Int J Cancer. 2012 Oct 15;131(8):1951-62. doi: 10.1002/ijc.27456. Epub 2012 Mar 14.

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is the one of most common causes of cancer deaths and has the worst prognosis. Clinical observational studies suggest that statins may reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer. The chemopreventive efficacy of the statin atorvastatin (Lipitor(®)) and the role of the phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3/AKT) signaling pathway were evaluated for the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanINs) to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in conditional p48(Cre/+) -LSL-Kras(G12D/+) transgenic mice. Six-week-old male p48(Cre/+) -LSL-Kras(G12D/+) (20/group) mice were fed AIN-76A diets containing 0, 200 and 400 ppm atorvastatin for 35 weeks. At termination, pancreata were evaluated histopathologically for PanINs and PDAC, and for various PI3/AKT signaling markers, and inflammatory cytokines, by immunohistochemistry/immunohistoflourscence, ELISA, Western blotting and/or reverse transcription-PCR methods. Control diet-fed mice showed 85% incidence of PDAC; whereas, mice fed with atorvastatin showed PDAC incidence of 65 and 35%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Similarly, significant suppression of PanIN-3 (22.6%) was observed in mice fed 400 ppm atorvastatin. Importantly, pancreata from atorvastatin-treated mice were ∼68% free from ductal lesions. Furthermore, pancreas of mice administered with atorvastatin had significantly reduced expressions levels of PCNA, p2X7, p-ERK, RhoA, cyclin D1, survivin, Akt, pAKT, β-catenin, cyclin E, cdK2 and caveolin-1. Also, atorvastatin-treated mice had shown dose-dependent suppression of inflammatory cytokines and a significant increase in tunnel-positive cells, p21 and PARP expression levels in pancreas. Atorvastatin significantly delays the progression of PanIN-1 and -2 lesions to PanIN-3 and PDAC by modulating PI3/AKT signal molecules in a preclinical model, suggesting potential clinical benefits of statins for high-risk pancreatic cancer patients.

摘要

胰腺癌是癌症死亡的最常见原因之一,预后最差。临床观察性研究表明,他汀类药物可能降低胰腺癌的风险。评估了他汀类药物阿托伐他汀(立普妥)的化学预防功效和磷酸肌醇 3-激酶(PI3/AKT)信号通路在条件性 p48(Cre/+) -LSL-Kras(G12D/+)转基因小鼠胰腺上皮内瘤变(PanINs)向胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)进展中的作用。将 6 周龄雄性 p48(Cre/+) -LSL-Kras(G12D/+)(每组 20 只)小鼠用含 0、200 和 400 ppm 阿托伐他汀的 AIN-76A 饮食喂养 35 周。在实验结束时,通过免疫组织化学/免疫荧光、ELISA、Western blot 和/或逆转录-PCR 方法对胰腺进行组织病理学评估,以评估 PanINs 和 PDAC,以及各种 PI3/AKT 信号标志物和炎症细胞因子。对照饮食喂养的小鼠 PDAC 发生率为 85%;而阿托伐他汀喂养的小鼠 PDAC 发生率分别为 65%和 35%(p<0.0001)。同样,在喂食 400 ppm 阿托伐他汀的小鼠中,PanIN-3 显著减少了 22.6%。重要的是,阿托伐他汀治疗的小鼠的胰腺中约有 68%没有导管病变。此外,阿托伐他汀治疗的小鼠胰腺中的 PCNA、p2X7、p-ERK、RhoA、cyclin D1、survivin、Akt、pAKT、β-catenin、cyclin E、cdK2 和 caveolin-1 的表达水平显著降低。此外,阿托伐他汀治疗的小鼠胰腺中的炎症细胞因子表达水平降低,隧道阳性细胞、p21 和 PARP 表达水平呈剂量依赖性增加。在临床前模型中,阿托伐他汀通过调节 PI3/AKT 信号分子显著延缓 PanIN-1 和 -2 病变向 PanIN-3 和 PDAC 的进展,提示他汀类药物对高危胰腺癌患者具有潜在的临床益处。

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