Laka Kagiso, Makgoo Lilian, Mbita Zukile
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa.
Front Genet. 2022 Mar 22;13:841639. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.841639. eCollection 2022.
There are a plethora of cancer causes and the road to fully understanding the carcinogenesis process remains a dream that keeps changing. However, a list of role players that are implicated in the carcinogens process is getting lengthier. Cholesterol is known as bad sterol that is heavily linked with cardiovascular diseases; however, it is also comprehensively associated with carcinogenesis. There is an extensive list of strategies that have been used to lower cholesterol; nevertheless, the need to find better and effective strategies remains vastly important. The role played by cholesterol in the induction of the carcinogenesis process has attracted huge interest in recent years. Phytochemicals can be dubbed as magic tramp cards that humans could exploit for lowering cancer-causing cholesterol. Additionally, the mechanisms that are regulated by phytochemicals can be targeted for anticancer drug development. One of the key role players in cancer development and suppression, Tumour Protein 53 (TP53), is crucial in regulating the biogenesis of cholesterol and is targeted by several phytochemicals. This minireview covers the role of p53 in the mevalonate pathway and how bioactive phytochemicals target the mevalonate pathway and promote p53-dependent anticancer activities.
癌症的成因众多，要全面理解致癌过程仍是一个不断变化的梦想。然而，与致癌过程相关的因素列表却越来越长。胆固醇被认为是与心血管疾病密切相关的有害固醇；然而，它也与致癌作用广泛相关。已经有大量用于降低胆固醇的策略；尽管如此，寻找更好、更有效的策略仍然极为重要。近年来，胆固醇在致癌过程诱导中所起的作用引起了极大关注。植物化学物质可被称为人类可利用来降低致癌胆固醇的神奇王牌。此外，受植物化学物质调节的机制可作为抗癌药物开发的靶点。肿瘤蛋白53（TP53）是癌症发展和抑制中的关键因素之一，在调节胆固醇生物合成中起关键作用，并受到多种植物化学物质的靶向作用。本综述涵盖了p53在甲羟戊酸途径中的作用，以及生物活性植物化学物质如何靶向甲羟戊酸途径并促进p53依赖性抗癌活性。
