Okechukwu A A, Okechukwu O I
Department of Paediatrics, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada.
Niger J Med. 2011 Oct-Dec;20(4):409-13.
Various studies in sub-Saharan Africa have documented high prevalence of HIV infection in children.
To determine the prevalence and outcome of paediatric HIV/AIDS in a new Teaching Hospital in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria.
A two year retrospective review of patients attending paediatric outpatient unit of the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, was undertaken for the above objective.
Out of a total of 3,669 paediatric patients seen in unit of the hospital, 437(11.9%) tested positive for HIV, 234 were males, while 203 were females (m:f = 1.15:1). Children under the age of five years accounted for 81.7% of the HIV positive children, and mother-to-child transmission was the major route of transmission of HIV in 73.7% of cases. Two other common routes of transmission were the use of blood/ hair dressing implements in 4.8% each, and use of non sterile needle in 3.9%. Most mothers of HIV children were either housewives (45.3%), or petty traders (10.4%), while their fathers were either civil servants (26.5%) or long distance drivers (19.7%). A mortality rate of 3.4% was recorded while 6.0% were lost to follow up.
The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in children is high in the FCT, Abuja, most of which was through mother-to-child transmission. There is an urgent need to scale up PMTCT programmes to many tertiary, secondary and primary health care facilities across the FCT, and the nation at large in view of the enormous burden of the disease in children. Safe blood for African initiative/techniques should be extended to many health care facilities nationwide, and use of unsterile needles by patent medicine dealers to be prohibited.
撒哈拉以南非洲的多项研究记录了儿童中艾滋病毒感染的高流行率。
确定尼日利亚阿布贾联邦首都地区一家新建教学医院中儿童艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行率及转归。
为实现上述目的，对阿布贾大学教学医院瓜瓜拉达分院儿科门诊就诊的患者进行了为期两年的回顾性研究。
在该医院该科室就诊的3669名儿科患者中，437人（11.9%）艾滋病毒检测呈阳性，其中男性234人，女性203人（男:女 = 1.15:1）。五岁以下儿童占艾滋病毒阳性儿童的81.7%，母婴传播是73.7%病例中艾滋病毒的主要传播途径。另外两个常见传播途径分别是使用血液/美发工具，各占4.8%，以及使用非无菌针头，占3.9%。艾滋病毒感染儿童的大多数母亲是家庭主妇（45.3%）或小商贩（10.4%），而她们的父亲是公务员（26.5%）或长途司机（19.7%）。记录的死亡率为3.4%，6.0%的患者失访。
在阿布贾联邦首都地区，儿童艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行率很高，其中大部分是通过母婴传播。鉴于该疾病给儿童带来的巨大负担，迫切需要将预防母婴传播方案扩大到联邦首都地区以及全国的许多三级、二级和初级卫生保健机构。应将非洲安全血液倡议/技术推广到全国许多卫生保健机构，并禁止成药经销商使用非无菌针头。
