Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 2012 Sep;45(6):209-16. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1299728. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
Noradrenergic (NE) neurotransmission and particularly α-adrenergic receptor function has been identified as a critical component of the sleep/wake regulation in animals and humans. This work (i) provides an update on the impact of NE neurotransmission on the sleep/wake regulation, (ii) summarizes the effects of α-receptor agonists and antagonists on arousal and sleep in animals and healthy humans, and (iii) reviews the current body of evidence for the effectiveness and safety of these compounds in the treatment of clinical conditions characterized by alterations of arousal or sleep, including attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), borderline personality disorder and primary sleep disorders. This systematic evaluation of the potential and limitations of the effects of α-adrenergic compounds might promote novel inroads for the treatment of these highly prevalent clinical conditions.
去甲肾上腺素（NE）神经递质传递，特别是α-肾上腺素能受体功能，已被确定为动物和人类睡眠/觉醒调节的关键组成部分。这项工作：（i）提供了关于 NE 神经递质传递对睡眠/觉醒调节的影响的最新信息；（ii）总结了α-受体激动剂和拮抗剂对动物和健康人类觉醒和睡眠的影响；（iii）回顾了这些化合物在治疗以觉醒或睡眠改变为特征的临床病症（包括注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、边缘型人格障碍和原发性睡眠障碍）中的有效性和安全性的现有证据。对α-肾上腺素能化合物作用的潜力和局限性的系统评估可能会为这些高发性临床病症的治疗开辟新途径。
