Department of Dermatology, 2nd University of Naples via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131 Napoli, Italy.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2012 Jul;92(4):378-82. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1284.
Neuroepidermal tropism of varicella-zoster virus accounts for cutaneous and nerve lesions following herpes zoster. Skin lesions heal in a few weeks and may or may not leave visible scars. Nerve lesions involve peripheral sensory fibres, sometimes causing permanent damage that results in partial denervation of the affected dermatome. The effects of the nerve injury involve the sensibility function, thus causing neuralgia, itch, allodynia, hypo- or anaesthesia, as well as the immune function that is related to neuropeptide release, thus altering immune control in the affected dermatome. The neuro-immune destabilization in the zoster-infected site paves the way for the onset of many and various immunity-related disorders along the affected dermatome.
水痘带状疱疹病毒的神经上皮趋向性是带状疱疹后皮肤和神经损伤的原因。皮肤损伤在数周内愈合，可能会或可能不会留下可见的疤痕。神经损伤涉及外周感觉纤维，有时会造成永久性损伤，导致受累皮节部分去神经支配。神经损伤的影响涉及感觉功能，从而导致神经痛、瘙痒、感觉过敏、感觉减退或感觉缺失，以及与神经肽释放有关的免疫功能，从而改变受累皮节的免疫控制。带状疱疹感染部位的神经-免疫失稳为受累皮节出现许多不同的免疫相关疾病铺平了道路。
