van Maanen H M
Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Adv Nurs. 1990 Aug;15(8):914-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01947.x.
The discipline of nursing is in a process of rapid transition. In this paper, the developments are discussed that have affected nursing in its advancement to a full-grown profession. Nursing and medicine are the products of Cartesian thinking that has fragmented our perspectives on man and his living world. The consequences of this scientific viewpoint are reflected in all aspects of life. Attention is paid to advances in nursing practice and education, the development of nursing research and the emergence of a nursing science. These aspects are discussed in the context of professionalization and the position of nursing in the health care system and in society. The study findings of the Styles Report Project on the Regulation of Nursing (1985) serve as a framework of analysis. Links are made between the recommendations given in this report and the development of primary health care, the new tomorrow of a modern discipline.
护理学科正处于快速转型的过程中。本文将讨论那些在护理发展成为一门成熟专业的进程中产生影响的发展情况。护理和医学是笛卡尔思维的产物，这种思维使我们对人类及其生活世界的看法变得碎片化。这种科学观点的后果体现在生活的方方面面。文中将关注护理实践与教育的进展、护理研究的发展以及护理科学的出现。这些方面将在专业化以及护理在医疗保健系统和社会中的地位的背景下进行讨论。《护理监管的斯泰尔斯报告项目》（1985年）的研究结果作为分析框架。将该报告中的建议与初级卫生保健的发展联系起来，而初级卫生保健是现代学科的新未来。
