Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Mulford Hall, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720-3114, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2011 Dec;104(6):1864-9. doi: 10.1603/ec11145.
The mealy plum aphid, Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a pest of prune trees in California. The impact of aphids as pests is well characterized by their population growth rate, a parameter integrating their age-specific development, survivorship, and fecundity. These population parameters were measured at five constants temperatures on potted prune trees. Development rates increased with temperature up to an optimum. The relationship between development rate and temperature was described by linear and nonlinear models. Developmental threshold temperature was greater for the nonlinear model than for the linear model. Thermal requirement for development and maximum lethal temperature determined by these models were similar to those for other aphids. The greatest proportional survivorship of nymphs occurred at 26 degrees C. Mean daily fecundity was lowest at 14 degrees C and highest at 22 degrees C. Adult longevity decreased with temperature. Population growth rates for H. pruni were estimated from measurements of fecundity and development time and were highest at 22 degrees C. This is the first study to document the temperature dependence of the life history parameters for H. pruni and the first to generate a degree-day model for the prediction of phenological events.
李属球蚜，即李实蚜（Hyalopterus pruni）（半翅目：蚜科），是加利福尼亚州李树的害虫。蚜虫作为害虫的影响可通过其种群增长率来很好地描述，这一参数综合了它们特定年龄的发育、存活率和繁殖力。在五个恒温下对盆栽李树上的蚜虫进行了这些种群参数的测量。发育速度随温度升高至最佳状态而增加。发育率与温度之间的关系由线性和非线性模型描述。非线性模型的发育阈值温度大于线性模型。由这些模型确定的发育所需的热需求和最大致死温度与其他蚜虫相似。若虫的最大比例存活率出现在 26 摄氏度。平均每日繁殖力在 14 摄氏度时最低，在 22 摄氏度时最高。成虫寿命随温度降低而降低。从繁殖力和发育时间的测量结果估算出了李属球蚜的种群增长率，在 22 摄氏度时最高。这是首次记录李属球蚜生活史参数的温度依赖性的研究，也是首次生成预测物候事件的度日模型。
