Polseela R, Vitta A, Nateeworanart S, Apiwathnasorn C
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University Phitsanulok, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2011 Nov;42(6):1395-404.
An entomological survey of sand flies was conducted in Naresuan Cave in Noen Maprang District, Phitsanulok Province, during November 2009 to December 2010. A total of 10,115 cave-dwelling sand flies were collected with CDC light traps nocturnally (06:00 AM and 06:00 PM) and diurnally (06:00 PM and 06:00 AM). The ratio between male and female sand flies was 1:1.3 (4,363:5,752). The ratio between the number of sand flies caught nocturnally and diurnally was 2.6:1 (7,268:2,847). In this study, 13 species belonging to 4 genera were identified, of which 4 belonged to the genus Phlebotomus, 7 to Sergentomyia, 1 to Nemopalpus and 1 to Chinius. An abundance of species were observed: Nemopalpus vietnamensis (49.15%), P. argentipes (20.15%), C. barbazani (15.79%), P. teshi (9.53%), and S. anodontis (3.21%). Less common species (<1%) were S. barraudi (0.63%), P. stantoni (0.57%), S. dentata (0.49%), S.quatei (0.17%), P. philippinensis gouldi (0.12%), S.silvatica (0.10%), S. gemmea (0.05%), and S. iyengari (0.04%). The predominant species in the Naresuan Cave was Nemopalpus vietnamensis (49.15%). The data demonstrates variability in sand fly prevalence, species composition, and relative abundance in caves. P. argentipes was found throughout the day in the caves, which is important because it is believed to be the Leishmania spp vector. This study highlights the diurnal activity of the sand fly and the day-time risk of leishmaniasis. In conclusion, although leishmaniasis has not been reported in Phitsanulok, there should be heightened awareness of infection in these areas with vectors of the protozoa.
2009年11月至2010年12月期间，在彭世洛府暖武里区的纳黎萱洞穴开展了一项白蛉昆虫学调查。使用疾控中心诱虫灯在夜间（上午6点至下午6点）和白天（下午6点至上午6点）共收集到10115只栖息于洞穴的白蛉。雌雄白蛉比例为1:1.3（4363:5752）。夜间和白天捕获的白蛉数量之比为2.6:1（7268:2847）。本研究共鉴定出4属13种白蛉，其中4种属于白蛉属，7种属于司蛉属，1种属于新蚤蛉属，1种属于秦蛉属。观察到多种优势物种：越南新蚤蛉（49.15%）、银足白蛉（20.15%）、巴氏白蛉（15.79%）、特氏白蛉（9.53%）和无齿司蛉（3.21%）。较罕见物种（<1%）有巴拉迪司蛉（0.63%）、斯坦顿白蛉（0.57%）、齿状司蛉（0.49%）、夸氏司蛉（0.17%）、菲律宾白蛉古尔德亚种（0.12%）、森林司蛉（0.10%）、宝石司蛉（0.05%）和伊扬加里司蛉（0.04%）。纳黎萱洞穴中的优势物种为越南新蚤蛉（49.15%）。数据表明洞穴中白蛉的流行率、物种组成和相对丰度存在差异。银足白蛉在洞穴中全天可见，这一点很重要，因为它被认为是利什曼原虫属的传播媒介。本研究突出了白蛉的日间活动以及利什曼病的日间感染风险。总之，尽管彭世洛尚未报告利什曼病，但这些存在原生动物传播媒介的地区应提高对感染的认识。
