Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie (99UR/08-05), Département de biologie clinique, Tunisia.
Acta Trop. 2012 Jun;122(3):276-83. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.01.014. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Metlaoui district in the South-west of Tunisia is a classical focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to Leishmania major. Since 2005, a single case of CL due to L. killicki has been reported. We report twenty four human cases due to this parasite, affecting men and women from 2 to 70 years old. Leishmania killicki have been typed using molecular techniques: polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and gene sequencing. Four strains from patients have been successfully cultured on NNN medium and isoenzymatically typed as L. killicki MON-8. Our results strongly suggests that Metlaoui is a new L. killicki focus with a stable transmission cycle. Sand flies fauna in the same focus was also studied. 1400 Phlebotomine sand flies (785 males/615 females) have been caught during an entomological survey. Leishmania major DNA has been found in one P. papatasi female, the most abundant species, whereas L. killicki DNA has been found in one Phlebotomus sergenti female emphasizing the probable role of this species as vector of this zoonotic parasite.
突尼斯西南部的梅特拉乌伊地区是由于利什曼原虫引起的皮肤利什曼病（CL）的经典流行区。自 2005 年以来，仅报告了一例由 L. killicki 引起的 CL 病例。我们报告了 24 例人类病例，这些病例影响了 2 至 70 岁的男性和女性。使用分子技术对利什曼原虫进行了分型：聚合酶链反应（PCR）后进行限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）和基因测序。从患者中成功培养了 4 株菌株，并在 NNN 培养基上进行了同工酶分型，鉴定为 L. killicki MON-8。我们的研究结果强烈表明，梅特拉乌伊是一个新的 L. killicki 流行区，具有稳定的传播周期。在同一流行区还研究了沙蝇区系。在一项昆虫学调查中，共捕获了 1400 只白蛉（785 只雄性/615 只雌性）。在最丰富的物种 P. papatasi 雌性白蛉中发现了利什曼原虫 DNA，而在一只 Phlebotomus sergenti 雌性白蛉中发现了 L. killicki DNA，这强调了该物种作为这种人畜共患寄生虫的媒介的可能作用。
