Vaxine Pty Ltd, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012 Feb;11(2):189-209. doi: 10.1586/erv.11.188.
Despite many years of research, human DNA vaccines have yet to fulfill their early promise. Over the past 15 years, multiple generations of DNA vaccines have been developed and tested in preclinical models for prophylactic and therapeutic applications in the areas of infectious disease and cancer, but have failed in the clinic. Thus, while DNA vaccines have achieved successful licensure for veterinary applications, their poor immunogenicity in humans when compared with traditional protein-based vaccines has hindered their progress. Many strategies have been attempted to improve DNA vaccine potency including use of more efficient promoters and codon optimization, addition of traditional or genetic adjuvants, electroporation, intradermal delivery and various prime-boost strategies. This review summarizes these advances in DNA vaccine technologies and attempts to answer the question of when DNA vaccines might eventually be licensed for human use.
尽管经过多年的研究，人类 DNA 疫苗仍未能实现其早期的承诺。在过去的 15 年中，已经开发并在临床前模型中测试了多代 DNA 疫苗，用于传染病和癌症的预防和治疗应用，但在临床上却失败了。因此，尽管 DNA 疫苗已成功获得兽医应用的许可，但与传统的基于蛋白质的疫苗相比，其在人类中的免疫原性较差，阻碍了其进展。已经尝试了许多策略来提高 DNA 疫苗的效力，包括使用更有效的启动子和密码子优化，添加传统或遗传佐剂，电穿孔，皮内给药和各种初级增强策略。本文综述了 DNA 疫苗技术的这些进展，并试图回答 DNA 疫苗何时最终可能获得人类使用许可的问题。
