Shapiro J P, Leifer M, Martone M W, Kassem L
La Rabida Children's Hospital and Research Center, Chicago, IL 60649.
J Pers Assess. 1990 Fall;55(1-2):234-48. doi: 10.1080/00223891.1990.9674063.
This study measured depression in sexually abused Black girls using the Children's Depression Inventory (Kovacs & A. T. Beck, 1977), the Internalization scale of the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1983), and the Rorschach Depression Index (Exner, 1986). There were no significant correlations between these self-report, behavior observation (by parental report), and projective measures. The abused subjects had high scores on the behavior observation and Rorschach scales. Consistent with past research, negative results were obtained with the self-report instrument. We suggest that the low scores on self-report measures of distress produced by sexually abused children may be the result of guardedness or defensiveness rather than a genuinely low level of dysphoria in this population. There were no significant relations between abuse characteristics and scores on the depression measures. Scores on Rorschach measures of organizational activity (Zf) and available coping resources (EA) were generally positively related to depression within the abuse group and negatively related to depression within the control group.
本研究使用儿童抑郁量表（科瓦奇和A.T.贝克，1977年）、儿童行为清单内化量表（阿肯巴克和埃德尔布罗克，1983年）以及罗夏克抑郁指数（埃克斯纳，1986年）来测量遭受性虐待的黑人女孩的抑郁情况。这些自我报告、行为观察（通过家长报告）和投射测量之间没有显著相关性。受虐受试者在行为观察和罗夏克量表上得分较高。与过去的研究一致，自我报告工具得出了阴性结果。我们认为，遭受性虐待的儿童在自我报告的痛苦测量中得分较低，可能是出于戒备或防御，而不是因为该群体中真正的烦躁不安程度较低。虐待特征与抑郁测量得分之间没有显著关系。罗夏克组织活动测量（Zf）和可用应对资源测量（EA）的得分在受虐组中通常与抑郁呈正相关，在对照组中与抑郁呈负相关。
