Department of Human Development and Family Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2012 Apr;26(4):241-9. doi: 10.1089/apc.2011.0319. Epub 2012 Feb 7.
Previous researchers have documented rates of HIV disclosure to family at discrete time periods, yet none have taken a dynamic approach to this phenomenon. The purpose of this study is to take the next step and provide a retrospective comparison of rates of women's HIV disclosure to family and friends over a 15-year time span. Of particular interest are the possible influences of social network and relationship characteristics on the time-to-disclosure of serostatus. Time-to-disclosure was analyzed from data provided by 125 HIV-positive women. Participants were primarily married or dating (42%), unemployed (79.2%), African American (68%) women with a high school diploma or less (54.4%). Length of time since diagnosis ranged from 1 month to over 19 years (M=7.1 years). Results pointed to statistically significant differences in time-to-disclosure between family, friends, and sexual partners. Additionally, females and persons with whom the participant had more frequent contact were more likely to be disclosed to, regardless of the type of relationship. The results of this study underscore possible challenges with existing studies which have employed point prevalence designs, and point to new methods which could be helpful in family research.
先前的研究人员已经记录了在特定时间段内向家人透露 HIV 状况的比率，但没有人对此现象采取动态的方法。本研究的目的是更进一步，在 15 年的时间跨度内，对女性向家人和朋友透露 HIV 状况的比率进行回顾性比较。特别关注的是社交网络和关系特征对血清状态披露时间的可能影响。通过对 125 名 HIV 阳性女性提供的数据进行分析，得出了披露时间。参与者主要是已婚或约会（42%）、失业（79.2%）、非裔美国女性（68%），高中文凭或以下（54.4%）。诊断后时间从 1 个月到 19 年以上（M=7.1 年）不等。结果表明，在向家人、朋友和性伴侣透露信息的时间上存在统计学上的显著差异。此外，无论关系类型如何，与参与者联系更频繁的女性和人员更有可能被透露信息。本研究的结果强调了现有研究采用点患病率设计所面临的可能挑战，并指出了可能对家庭研究有帮助的新方法。
