Department of Medicine and Pathology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Semin Thromb Hemost. 2012 Feb;38(1):31-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1300949. Epub 2012 Feb 7.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic complication of heparin therapy. Little more than a decade ago, no effective agents were available to treat this devastating and potentially fatal disease. Since that time, driven by an increased understanding of pathogenesis, the management of HIT has undergone a revolution. Several effective agents for the treatment and prevention of HIT-associated thrombosis are now available. These drugs have transformed the natural history of the disease, dramatically reducing the incidence of thrombosis. Nevertheless, available therapies remain far from ideal. Anticoagulants currently approved for the treatment of HIT are expensive, complex to manage, and carry a substantial bleeding risk. Fortunately, a pipeline of agents await that hold the promise of greater safety, convenience, and cost-effectiveness. The objectives of this review are to discuss currently available drugs for the treatment of HIT, highlight the limitations of these agents, and examine future therapies.
肝素诱导的血小板减少症（HIT）是肝素治疗的一种促血栓并发症。就在十多年前，还没有有效的药物来治疗这种破坏性且可能致命的疾病。从那时起，由于对发病机制的理解有所增加，HIT 的治疗方法发生了革命性的变化。现在有几种用于治疗和预防 HIT 相关血栓形成的有效药物。这些药物改变了疾病的自然病程，大大降低了血栓形成的发生率。然而，现有的治疗方法远非理想。目前批准用于治疗 HIT 的抗凝剂价格昂贵，管理复杂，且出血风险较大。幸运的是，还有许多药物正在等待批准，这些药物有望具有更高的安全性、便利性和成本效益。本综述的目的是讨论目前可用于治疗 HIT 的药物，强调这些药物的局限性，并研究未来的治疗方法。
