Seagull F Jacob
Department of Medical Education, G1211 Towsley Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, SPC-5201, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Work. 2012;41 Suppl 1:4669-72. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0107-4669.
A surgeon's work environment and working conditions are often harsher than those of an industrial worker. Accepted principles and regulations of ergonomics in manufacturing are largely ignored or absent in the medical/surgical domain. Examples include poor surgical tool handle design, awkward and stressful surgical postures, and prolonged standing without breaks and without a foot mat. In these and other areas, there are documented "best practices" for industrial hygiene and ergonomics that are not yet widely accepted for surgery. There is support in the literature for innovations in surgical ergonomics, yet adoption is not widespread. In the absence of these ergonomic principles, surgical repetitive strain injuries in minimally invasive surgery are reaching epidemic levels. As ergonomists, it falls upon us to understand why current solutions have not been widely adopted within this domain, and to derive solutions to the unique challenges of surgery.
外科医生的工作环境和工作条件往往比产业工人的更为恶劣。制造业中公认的人体工程学原则和规定在医疗/外科领域大多被忽视或根本不存在。例如，手术工具手柄设计不佳、手术姿势别扭且压力大，以及长时间站立且无休息、没有脚垫。在这些以及其他方面，工业卫生和人体工程学有已记录在案的“最佳实践”，但尚未在外科手术中得到广泛认可。文献中有支持手术人体工程学创新的内容，但采用情况并不普遍。由于缺乏这些人体工程学原则，微创手术中的外科重复性劳损正达到流行程度。作为人体工程学专家，我们有责任去理解为何当前的解决方案在该领域未得到广泛采用，并找到应对手术独特挑战的解决方案。
