Brandeis G H, Morris J N, Nash D J, Lipsitz L A
Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged, Boston, Mass 02131.
JAMA. 1990 Dec 12;264(22):2905-9.
We analyzed prospective data from 19,889 elderly residents of 51 nursing homes from 1984 to 1985 to determine the prevalence, incidence, and natural history of pressure ulcers. Among all residents admitted to nursing homes, 11.3% possessed a stage II through stage IV pressure ulcer. For those residents admitted to the nursing home without pressure ulcers during the study period, the 1-year incidence was 13.2%. This increased to 21.6% by 2 years of nursing home stay. People already residing in a nursing home at the start of the study had a 1-year incidence of 9.5%, which increased to 20.4% by 2 years. Pressure ulcers were associated with an increased rate of mortality, but not hospitalization. Longitudinal follow-up of residents with pressure ulcers demonstrated that a majority of their lesions were healed by 1 year. Most of the improvement occurred early in a person's nursing home stay. Although nursing home residents with pressure ulcers have a higher mortality, with good medical care pressure ulcers can be expected to heal.
我们分析了1984年至1985年期间来自51家养老院的19889名老年居民的前瞻性数据，以确定压疮的患病率、发病率和自然病程。在所有入住养老院的居民中，11.3%患有II期至IV期压疮。对于在研究期间入住养老院时没有压疮的居民，1年发病率为13.2%。在养老院居住2年后，这一比例增至21.6%。在研究开始时就已居住在养老院的人1年发病率为9.5%，到2年时增至20.4%。压疮与死亡率上升相关，但与住院率无关。对患有压疮的居民进行纵向随访表明，他们的大多数损伤在1年内愈合。大多数改善发生在一个人入住养老院的早期。虽然患有压疮的养老院居民死亡率较高，但通过良好的医疗护理，压疮有望愈合。
