Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012 Apr;16(4):553-7. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0288.
To investigate the prevalence and incidence rate of chronic bronchitis (CB) in relation to smoking habits and exposure to welding fumes in a general population sample.
Subjects from Northern Europe born between 1945 and 1971 who participated in Stage 1 (1989-1994) of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey were mailed a respiratory questionnaire in 1999-2001 (the RHINE study); 15,909 answered the questionnaire and gave complete data on smoking. CB was defined as chronic productive cough of at least 3 months a year for 2 consecutive years. The questionnaire comprised an item about age when CB started and items about exposure to welding fumes. The incidence of CB was retrospectively assessed for the observation period 1980-2001.
CB had a prevalence of 5.4%, and was associated with current smoking and welding exposure. The incidence rate of CB was 1.9 per 1000 person-years, and was increased in relation to welding exposure (low exposure HR 1.4, 95%CI 1.1-1.8; high exposure HR 2.0, 95%CI 1.6-2.7) and in relation to smoking (HR 2.1, 95%CI 1.8-2.5).
Smoking and occupational exposure to welding fumes are both associated with an increased risk of CB.
研究与吸烟习惯和接触焊接烟尘有关的慢性支气管炎（CB）在一般人群样本中的患病率和发病率。
1989-1994 年参加欧洲社区呼吸健康调查第一阶段的北欧出生于 1945 年至 1971 年的受试者，于 1999-2001 年（RHINE 研究）收到了一份呼吸问卷；15909 人回答了问卷，并提供了完整的吸烟数据。慢性支气管炎定义为连续两年每年至少有 3 个月的慢性咳痰。问卷包括一个关于慢性支气管炎开始年龄的项目和一个关于接触焊接烟尘的项目。回顾性评估了 1980-2001 年的观察期内慢性支气管炎的发病率。
慢性支气管炎的患病率为 5.4%，与当前吸烟和焊接暴露有关。慢性支气管炎的发病率为每 1000 人年 1.9 例，与焊接暴露（低暴露 HR 1.4，95%CI 1.1-1.8；高暴露 HR 2.0，95%CI 1.6-2.7）和吸烟（HR 2.1，95%CI 1.8-2.5）有关。
吸烟和职业接触焊接烟尘均与慢性支气管炎风险增加有关。
