Sensory and Cognitive Food Science Laboratory, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
Appetite. 2012 Jun;58(3):1070-5. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.02.002. Epub 2012 Feb 10.
We explored the ability of infants to recognize the smell of daily foods, including strawberries and tomatoes, by using a preferential-looking-technique. Experiment 1 was conducted while strawberries were in season (from March to June) in order to enhance the frequency of participant exposure to strawberries outside of the laboratory. Thirty-seven infants aged 6-8 months were tested with a stimulus composed of a pair of photos of strawberries and tomatoes placed side by side and accompanied by a strawberry odor, a tomato odor, or no odors. Infants showed a preference for the strawberry picture when they smelled the congruent odor, but no such preference for the tomato picture. These results suggest that even young infants can recognize olfactory-visual congruency. We conducted Experiment 2 while strawberries were out of season (from July to September) to reduce participant exposure to strawberries in their daily life. Twenty-six infants aged 6-8 months were tested with a stimulus composed of a pair of photos of strawberries and tomatoes placed side by side and accompanied by a strawberry odor, or no odors. In Experiment 2, the olfactory-visual binding effect disappeared. This implies that visual-olfactory binding is triggered by an observer's experience.
我们采用偏爱观看技术探索了婴儿识别日常食物气味（包括草莓和西红柿）的能力。实验 1 在草莓当季（3 月至 6 月）进行，目的是增加参与者在实验室外接触草莓的频率。我们对 37 名 6-8 个月大的婴儿进行了测试，他们看到的刺激物由并排的两张草莓和西红柿的照片组成，旁边伴有草莓味、西红柿味或无味。当婴儿闻到一致的气味时，他们会更喜欢草莓的图片，但对西红柿的图片则没有这种偏好。这些结果表明，即使是年幼的婴儿也能识别嗅觉-视觉一致性。我们在草莓淡季（7 月至 9 月）进行了实验 2，以减少参与者在日常生活中接触草莓的机会。我们对 26 名 6-8 个月大的婴儿进行了测试，他们看到的刺激物由并排的两张草莓和西红柿的照片组成，旁边伴有草莓味或无味。在实验 2 中，嗅觉-视觉结合效应消失了。这意味着视觉-嗅觉结合是由观察者的经验触发的。
