Yüksel Sadrettin, Yanar Mete, Aksu Muhammet Irfan, Kopuzlu Sinan, Kaban Güzin, Sezgin Erdogan, Oz Fatih
Eastern Anatolian Agricultural Research Institute, 25250, Erzurum, Turkey.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2012 Oct;44(7):1521-8. doi: 10.1007/s11250-012-0098-0. Epub 2012 Feb 11.
The effects of three finishing systems on carcass composition and other characteristics of meat were studied in 15 young Eastern Anatolian Red bulls in Eastern Turkey. For 93 days, five bulls grazed pasture (P), five grazed the same pasture and were given concentrate supplementation (P + C), and five grazed the same pasture for 93 days, and then for an additional 40 days, they received concentrate in a barn (PF). Carcasses of the P bulls were lighter and leaner than those of the PF animals. Compared with the P carcasses, PF carcasses had a greater percentage of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (P < 0.05), marbling score (P < 0.05), fat thickness over the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle (P < 0.05), and percentage of ether extractable lipids (P < 0.05). The LD of P carcasses was darker (P < 0.01) in color and the meat was tougher. The ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids in LD intramuscular fat was higher (P < 0.05) for P bulls than for P + C and PF. P carcasses contained a lower (P < 0.05) proportion of saturated fatty acids than PF carcasses. It is concluded that pasture-based finishing results in a more favorable fatty acid profile of meat and produces a healthier food, but the meat is darker and tougher.
在土耳其东部的15头东安纳托利亚红牛幼牛上，研究了三种育肥系统对胴体组成及肉的其他特性的影响。93天里，5头牛放牧于牧场（P组），5头牛在同一牧场放牧并给予精料补充（P + C组），5头牛在同一牧场放牧93天，然后在接下来的40天里，在牛舍中给予精料（PF组）。P组牛的胴体比PF组动物的胴体更轻且更瘦。与P组胴体相比，PF组胴体的肾、骨盆和心脏脂肪比例更高（P < 0.05），大理石花纹评分更高（P < 0.05），背最长肌（LD）上的脂肪厚度更高（P < 0.05），以及乙醚可提取脂质的比例更高（P < 0.05）。P组胴体的LD颜色更深（P < 0.01），肉更硬。P组公牛的LD肌内脂肪中多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例高于P + C组和PF组（P < 0.05）。P组胴体的饱和脂肪酸比例低于PF组胴体（P < 0.05）。得出的结论是，以牧场为基础的育肥使肉的脂肪酸谱更有利，并生产出更健康的食品，但肉颜色更深且更硬。
