Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Processes, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
Chemistry. 2012 Mar 5;18(10):2748-61. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101645. Epub 2012 Feb 13.
Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted intensive attention in academia and industry due to their unique properties and potential applications. Nowadays, much interest is focused on finding out what is the main force that determines the properties of ionic liquids. Intuitively like NaCl, in high-temperature molten salt (HTMS) the electrostatic Coulomb force is regarded as the dominant factor that determines the behaviors of ILs. However, a large amount of evidence indicates that such a molten-salt-based simplified explanation is not consistent with the corresponding experimental results. Besides the Coulomb force, the hydrogen bond is another important noncovalent interaction in the IL and is closely related to some important properties and applications, as suggested in some new research results. Therefore in this review, we present results concerning the hydrogen bond in ILs, from the perspective of experiment and calculation, to shed light on its effects and roles. The deep insights into structure, in particular the hydrogen bonds, can provide us with a rational design for the new ILs to fulfill the demands in some complicated chemical processes.
离子液体 (ILs) 由于其独特的性质和潜在的应用而引起了学术界和工业界的广泛关注。如今，人们的兴趣主要集中在找出是什么主要力量决定了离子液体的性质。直观地说，就像 NaCl 一样，在高温熔盐 (HTMS) 中，静电库仑力被认为是决定 ILs 行为的主要因素。然而，大量的证据表明，这种基于熔盐的简化解释与相应的实验结果并不一致。除了库仑力，氢键是 IL 中另一种重要的非共价相互作用，与一些重要的性质和应用密切相关，正如一些新的研究结果所表明的。因此，在这篇综述中，我们从实验和计算的角度介绍了 ILs 中的氢键，以阐明其作用和影响。对结构的深入了解，特别是氢键，可以为我们提供新的 ILs 的合理设计，以满足一些复杂化学过程的需求。
