Li Xiaogang, Liu Biao, Wang Xingxiang, Han Zhengmin, Cui Jinjie, Luo Junyu
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
J Environ Monit. 2012 Mar;14(3):1055-63. doi: 10.1039/c2em10378h. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
Impacts on soil invertebrates are an important aspect of environmental risk assessment and post-release monitoring of transgenic insect-resistant plants. The purpose of this study was to research and survey the effects of transgenic insect-resistant cottons that had been planted over 10 years on the abundance and community structure of soil invertebrates under field conditions. During 3 consecutive years (2006-2008), eight common taxa (orders) of soil invertebrates belonging to the phylum Arthropoda were investigated in two different transgenic cotton fields and one non-transgenic cotton field (control). Each year, soil samples were taken at four different growth stages of cotton (seedling, budding, boll forming and boll opening). Animals were extracted from the samples using the improved Tullgren method, counted and determined to the order level. The diversity of the soil fauna communities in the different fields was compared using the Simpson's, Shannon's diversity indices and evenness index. The results showed a significant sampling time variation in the abundance of soil invertebrates monitored in the different fields. However, no difference in soil invertebrate abundance was found between the transgenic cotton fields and the control field. Both sampling time and cotton treatment had a significant effect on the Simpson's, Shannon's diversity indices and evenness index. They were higher in the transgenic fields than the control field at the growth stages of cotton. Long-term cultivation of transgenic insect-resistant cottons had no significant effect on the abundance of soil invertebrates. Collembola, Acarina and Araneae could act as the indicators of soil invertebrate in this region to monitor the environmental impacts of transgenic plants in the future.
对土壤无脊椎动物的影响是转基因抗虫植物环境风险评估和释放后监测的一个重要方面。本研究的目的是调查种植超过10年的转基因抗虫棉在田间条件下对土壤无脊椎动物数量和群落结构的影响。在连续3年（2006 - 2008年）期间，在两个不同的转基因棉田和一个非转基因棉田（对照）中调查了节肢动物门的8个常见土壤无脊椎动物分类单元（目）。每年在棉花的四个不同生长阶段（苗期、蕾期、结铃期和吐絮期）采集土壤样本。使用改良的干漏斗法从样本中提取动物，计数并确定到目水平。使用辛普森多样性指数、香农多样性指数和均匀度指数比较不同田块土壤动物群落的多样性。结果表明，不同田块监测的土壤无脊椎动物数量存在显著的采样时间差异。然而，转基因棉田和对照田之间的土壤无脊椎动物数量没有差异。采样时间和棉花处理对辛普森多样性指数、香农多样性指数和均匀度指数均有显著影响。在棉花生长阶段，转基因田的这些指数高于对照田。长期种植转基因抗虫棉对土壤无脊椎动物数量没有显著影响。跳虫、螨类和蜘蛛类可作为该地区土壤无脊椎动物的指示生物，用于未来监测转基因植物的环境影响。
