Department of Terrestrial Ecology, National Environmental Research Institute, Silkeborg, Denmark.
Ambio. 2011 Nov;40(7):819-23. doi: 10.1007/s13280-011-0144-6.
A new species has recently invaded coastal dune ecosystems in North West Europe. The native and expansive inland grass, Deschampsia flexuosa, progressively dominating inland heaths, has recently invaded coastal dunes in Denmark, occasionally even as a dominant species. A total of 222 coastal locations with 5,000 random sample plots have been investigated. These findings are in contrast to historical records, and D. flexuosa has never been considered belonging to coastal dune ecosystems. The occurrence of the typical inland grass in the coastal dunes is a strong indication of increase in nutrient level and that human influences may cause a native species to be invasive in new ecosystems. This could be a radical example of change in species composition due to a long lasting exceedance of critical load of nitrogen. The investigation also showed a general increase in cover of the most dominant species.
最近，一种新的物种入侵了西北欧的沿海沙丘生态系统。原生的、广泛分布的内陆草本植物弯叶画眉草逐渐占据了内陆荒地，最近还入侵了丹麦的沿海沙丘，偶尔甚至成为优势物种。总共调查了 222 个沿海地点的 5000 个随机样本。这些发现与历史记录形成了鲜明对比，而且弯叶画眉草从未被认为属于沿海沙丘生态系统。这种典型的内陆草在沿海沙丘中的出现强烈表明，营养水平的增加，以及人类的影响可能导致本地物种在新的生态系统中具有入侵性。这可能是由于氮的临界负荷长期超标而导致物种组成发生变化的一个激进例子。调查还显示，最主要的物种的覆盖率普遍增加。
