Doran Christopher M, Einfeld Stewart L, Madden Rosamond H, Otim Michael, Horstead Siân K, Ellis Louise A, Emerson Eric
Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Australia.
J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2012 Mar;37(1):42-9. doi: 10.3109/13668250.2011.648609.
Given the paucity of relevant data, this study estimates the cost of intellectual disability (ID) to families and the government in Australia.
Family costs were collected via the Client Service Receipt Inventory, recording information relating to service use and personal expense as a consequence of ID. Government expenditure on the provision of support and services was estimated using top-down costing.
A total of 109 parents participated. The cost of ID in Australia is high, especially for families. Total economic costs of ID are close to $14,720 billion annually. Opportunity cost of lost time provided 85% of family expense. A comparison of family expense and social welfare benefits received suggests that families suffer considerable loss. This may impact on families' physical and emotional wellbeing.
Monitoring of changes in expenditure is required. Policies should ensure that money devoted to ID is allocated in a rational, equitable, and cost-effective manner.
鉴于相关数据匮乏，本研究估算了智力残疾（ID）给澳大利亚家庭和政府带来的成本。
通过客户服务收据清单收集家庭成本，记录因智力残疾导致的服务使用和个人支出相关信息。使用自上而下的成本核算方法估算政府在提供支持和服务方面的支出。
共有109位家长参与。澳大利亚智力残疾的成本很高，尤其是对家庭而言。智力残疾的年度总经济成本接近14.72万亿美元。失去时间的机会成本占家庭支出的85%。对家庭支出与所获得的社会福利的比较表明，家庭遭受了相当大的损失。这可能会影响家庭的身心健康。
需要监测支出变化。政策应确保用于智力残疾的资金以合理、公平和具有成本效益的方式进行分配。
