Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2012 Oct;16(4):312-5. doi: 10.3109/13651501.2011.653378. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
In order to survive, organisms must pursue and capture prey to avoid starvation, and must either fight or flight to avoid being killed by predators. The starvation-resistance and risk-management systems were of great importance to humans for survival in ancient times. However, given the evolutionary time scale, humans seem not to be well adapted to modern times. Urbanization often puts the risk-management system in motion due to modern stressors, and can induce over-activation of the risk-management system.
As a result, central sensitization and classical conditioning of the over-risk-management can occur due to repeated assaults, fears, or even anticipation of the modern predators. We refer to those diseases as risk-management syndrome, defined as an illness caused by the central sensitization and classical conditioning of over-risk-management without apparent organic damage.
These syndromes classified by each pathophysiological background, i.e. risk-management and metabolic syndromes are two major syndromes associated with urbanization.
为了生存，生物必须追求和捕获猎物以避免饥饿，并且必须战斗或逃跑以避免被捕食者杀死。在古代，抗饥饿和风险管理系统对人类的生存至关重要。然而，考虑到进化的时间尺度，人类似乎还没有很好地适应现代社会。由于现代压力源，城市化往往会启动风险管理系统，并可能导致风险管理系统过度激活。
由于反复的攻击、恐惧甚至对现代捕食者的预期，过度风险管理的中枢敏感化和经典条件作用可能会发生。我们将这些疾病称为风险管理综合征，定义为一种由于过度风险管理的中枢敏感化和经典条件作用而导致的疾病，而没有明显的器质性损伤。
这些综合征按每个病理生理背景分类，即风险管理和代谢综合征，是与城市化相关的两种主要综合征。
