Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Can J Neurol Sci. 2012 Mar;39(2):134-44. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100013147.
Recognition of autoimmune encephalopathies and epilepsies in children and teenagers with acute or subacute onset of central nervous system dysfunction, through detection of the pertinent antibody on serum or cerebral spinal fluid, or through a response to immunotherapy may lead to an early diagnosis, and thus expedited implementation of immunotherapy and improved neurological outcome. The epidemiology of pediatric autoimmune encephalopathy and epilepsy is not well established, but advances in disease-specific biomarker discovery have lead to identification of disorders with either a cytotoxic T cell mediated pathogenesis or (more recently) possible autoantibody mediated disorders. This review summarizes the clinical presentations and recommended evaluations and treatment of pediatric epileptic encephalopathy suspected to be of autoimmune etiology.
通过检测血清或脑脊液中的相关抗体，或通过免疫治疗的反应来识别儿童和青少年中枢神经系统功能障碍的急性或亚急性发作中的自身免疫性脑病和癫痫，可能有助于早期诊断，并因此加快免疫治疗的实施和改善神经学预后。儿科自身免疫性脑病和癫痫的流行病学尚未得到很好的确定，但疾病特异性生物标志物发现方面的进展导致了细胞毒性 T 细胞介导的发病机制或（最近）可能的自身抗体介导的疾病的识别。本综述总结了疑似自身免疫病因的小儿癫痫性脑病的临床表现、推荐评估和治疗。
