Abdulameer Shaymaa Abdalwahed, Sahib Mohanad Naji, Aziz Noorizan Abd, Hassan Yahaya, Alrazzaq Hadeer Akram Abdul, Ismail Omar
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2012;6:101-8. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S27223. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
Prescribing pattern surveys are one of the pharmacoepidemiological techniques that provide an unbiased picture of prescribing habits. Prescription surveys permit the identification of suboptimal prescribing patterns for further evaluation. The aims of this study were to determine the prescribing trend, adherence of the prescribers to the guideline, and the impact of drug expenditure on drug utilization at the cardiac clinic of Penang Hospital, Malaysia. This was a cross-sectional study. Demographic data of the patients, diagnoses and the drugs prescribed were recorded. The average drug acquisition costs (ADAC) were calculated for each antihypertensive drug class on a daily and annual basis. Adherence to the guideline was calculated as a percentage of the total number of patients. A total of 313 individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The average age of the study population was 59.30 ± 10.35 years. The mean number of drugs per prescription in the study was 2.09 ± 0.78. There were no significant differences in the demographic data. Antihypertensive drugs were used in monotherapy and polytherapy in 20.8% and 79.2% of the patients, respectively. Adherence to the guideline regarding prescription occurred in 85.30% of the patients. The lowest priced drug class was diuretics and the highest was angiotensin-receptor blockers. In conclusion, the total adherence to the guideline was good; the adherence percentage only slightly decreased with a co-existing comorbidity (such as diabetes mellitus). The use of thiazide diuretics was encouraged because they are well tolerated and inexpensive, and perindopril was still prescribed for diabetic patients since it is relatively cheap (generic drug) and its daily dosage is beneficial.
处方模式调查是药物流行病学技术之一，能提供无偏差的处方习惯情况。处方调查有助于识别欠佳的处方模式以便进一步评估。本研究的目的是确定马来西亚槟城医院心脏科的处方趋势、开处方者对指南的遵循情况以及药物支出对药物使用的影响。这是一项横断面研究。记录了患者的人口统计学数据、诊断情况和所开药物。计算了每类抗高血压药物的每日和年度平均购药成本（ADAC）。对指南的遵循情况按患者总数的百分比计算。共有313人符合纳入标准。研究人群的平均年龄为59.30±10.35岁。研究中每张处方的平均药物数量为2.09±0.78。人口统计学数据无显著差异。分别有20.8%和79.2%的患者使用抗高血压药物进行单药治疗和联合治疗。85.30%的患者遵循了关于处方的指南。价格最低的药物类别是利尿剂，最高的是血管紧张素受体阻滞剂。总之，对指南的总体遵循情况良好；在存在合并症（如糖尿病）时，遵循百分比仅略有下降。鼓励使用噻嗪类利尿剂，因为它们耐受性良好且价格低廉，培哚普利仍被用于糖尿病患者，因为它相对便宜（仿制药）且每日剂量有益。
