Woodward G A, Bolte R G
Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Primary Children's Medical Center, Salt Lake City 84113.
Pediatrics. 1990 Nov;86(5):683-91.
Motor vehicle-related trauma is the leading cause of death in children in the United States. All states have pediatric restraint requirements for passenger vehicles to help prevent these deaths and injuries. Only a few states, however, possess safety laws or restrictions for passengers who ride in the back of pickup trucks. A retrospective review of medical records for a 40-month period revealed 40 patients whose injuries were a direct result of being a passenger in the cargo area (bed) of a pickup truck. Their injuries and other pertinent data are discussed. Representatives from the Highway Safety Commission of each state were surveyed about their specific highway safety laws. The responses revealed that all states and the District of Columbia have child restraint requirements for passenger automobiles, 34 states have adult restraint laws, but only 17 states have any type of restriction for passengers riding in the back of pickup trucks. Seventy-one percent of the states with pickup truck regulations include only the preschool-age child. Data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration concerning pickup trucks and passenger fatality are presented and discussed.
在美国，机动车相关创伤是儿童死亡的主要原因。所有州都对乘用车制定了儿童约束规定，以帮助预防此类死亡和伤害。然而，只有少数几个州针对乘坐皮卡后车厢的乘客制定了安全法律或限制措施。对40个月期间的医疗记录进行回顾性审查发现，有40名患者的受伤是直接因乘坐皮卡货厢所致。文中讨论了他们的伤情及其他相关数据。对每个州公路安全委员会的代表就其具体的公路安全法律进行了调查。调查结果显示，所有州及哥伦比亚特区都对乘用车有儿童约束要求，34个州有成人约束法律，但只有17个州对乘坐皮卡后车厢的乘客有任何类型的限制。在有皮卡规定的州中，71%的州只涵盖学龄前儿童。文中呈现并讨论了美国国家公路交通安全管理局关于皮卡和乘客死亡情况的数据。
