[牙科治疗期间儿童行为监护人的预处理教育效果]

Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2012 Feb 18;44(1):125-9.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the effect of the pretreatment education of the guardians on the children's and guardian's behavior during dental treatment.

METHODS

The study group included 235 children aged 2-8 years who received dental treatment in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Interviews were conducted with accompanying guardians to collect information of children and their guardians, including parent's Corah Dental Anxiety Scale. The guardians were randomly divided into two groups. Group I was control group in which the guardians received a pamphlet about how to clean children's teeth, group II was the education group in which the guardians received a pamphlet about how to help a child to cooperate with the dentist during dental treatment. Children's heart rate was recorded at different time points: before the treatment, at local anesthesia (LA), during the treatment and at the end of the treatment. Children's dental behavior was rated by a modified Venham's clinical anxiety scale and a cooperative behavior rating scale. The guardian's tension was sorted into four levels and the characteristics of their language were recorded.

RESULTS

Among the 235 children, 131 were boys and 104 were girls with mean age of 4.35 years, and 165 children were treated under LA. The group I included 129 children and 95 children were treated with LA. The group II included 106 children and 70 children were treated with LA. The children's behavior in group II was better than that in group I(χ(2)=4.56, P=0.033). The guardians in group II were more relaxed than in group I at all the four times points: Beginning (Z=-2.581, P=0.01), LA (Z=-3.613, P=0.002), Treatment (Z=-3.096, P=0.002), Whole (Z=-3.042, P=0.002); and more positive language were used in group II at three times points: LA (χ(2)=15.57, P<0.001), Treatment (χ(2)=6.52, P =0.011) and Whole (χ(2)=15.99, P<0.001).

CONCLUSION

An education for guardians before dental treatment may improve children's dental behavior and guardians' tension in dental treatment.

目的

评估监护人的预处理教育对儿童及监护人在牙科治疗期间行为的影响。

方法

研究组包括235名年龄在2至8岁之间、于北京大学口腔医学院儿童口腔科接受牙科治疗的儿童。对陪同的监护人进行访谈，以收集儿童及其监护人的信息，包括家长的科拉牙科焦虑量表。监护人被随机分为两组。第一组为对照组，监护人收到一本关于如何清洁儿童牙齿的宣传册；第二组为教育组，监护人收到一本关于如何帮助儿童在牙科治疗期间配合牙医的宣传册。在不同时间点记录儿童的心率：治疗前、局部麻醉时、治疗期间和治疗结束时。儿童的牙科行为通过改良的韦纳姆临床焦虑量表和合作行为评定量表进行评分。监护人的紧张程度分为四个等级，并记录其语言特征。

结果

在235名儿童中，131名是男孩，104名是女孩，平均年龄为4.35岁，165名儿童在局部麻醉下接受治疗。第一组包括129名儿童，95名儿童在局部麻醉下接受治疗。第二组包括106名儿童，70名儿童在局部麻醉下接受治疗。第二组儿童的行为优于第一组（χ(2)=4.56，P=0.033）。在所有四个时间点，第二组监护人都比第一组更放松：开始时（Z=-2.581，P=0.01）、局部麻醉时（Z=-3.613，P=0.002）、治疗期间（Z=-3.096，P=0.002）、全程（Z=-3.042，P=0.002）；在三个时间点，第二组使用的积极语言更多：局部麻醉时（χ(2)=15.57，P<0.001）、治疗期间（χ(2)=6.52，P =0.011）和全程（χ(2)=15.99，P<0.001）。