Vasiliki B, Konstantinos A, Vassilis K, Nikolaos K, van Loveren C, Jaap V
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papafi 88, 54453, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Pedodontology, ACTA, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2016 Oct;17(5):381-386. doi: 10.1007/s40368-016-0241-0. Epub 2016 Jul 4.
This was to study the influence of parental presence during dental treatment on children's behaviour and perception.
Parents of 100 patients (mean age 7 ± 2.2 years) who visited the Postgraduate Paediatric Dental Clinic were randomly divided into two equal groups during one familiarisation and two treatment sessions: (1) parent present in the surgery/operatory and (2) parent absent (with their child observed through a window). Both an independent paediatric dentist and the parent rated the child's behaviour using the Venham scale. The child's perception was measured using the Wong-Baker Faces Rating Scale (FPRS) at the end of every session. Statistical analysis was performed with the IBM Statistics SPSS 22.0 (p < 0.05). Comparisons between variables were performed with the Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon and Friedman's tests.
According to the paediatric dentist's rating, children's behaviour was worse when the parent was absent, with a significant difference only for the second restorative treatment session (p = 0.011). There was no difference on parents' rating child behaviour scores between the two groups. There was no difference of children's own perception between the two groups, except for any increased discomfort found at the second treatment (p = 0.021) when the parent was present. In both groups, the dentist rated lower Venham scores (better child behaviour), than parents did (presence: p = 0.001, absence: p = 0.038). Children recorded worse scores than both parents and the paediatric dentist.
The only significant finding lay in the antithesis of how children perceived their last treatment session and how the dentist rated children's behaviour regarding parental presence. Parents' scores of their child's behaviour were unrelated to parental presence.
本研究旨在探讨牙科治疗期间父母陪伴对儿童行为及认知的影响。
100名前往研究生儿科牙科诊所就诊的患者（平均年龄7±2.2岁）的家长，在一次预诊和两次治疗过程中被随机分为两组：（1）家长在诊疗室陪伴；（2）家长不在场（通过窗户观察其孩子）。一名独立的儿科牙医和家长均使用韦纳姆量表对孩子的行为进行评分。每次诊疗结束时，使用面部表情疼痛量表（FPRS）测量孩子的认知情况。使用IBM Statistics SPSS 22.0进行统计分析（p<0.05）。变量之间的比较采用曼-惠特尼U检验、威尔科克森检验和弗里德曼检验。
根据儿科牙医的评分，家长不在场时孩子的行为表现更差，仅在第二次修复治疗时存在显著差异（p=0.011）。两组家长对孩子行为评分无差异。两组孩子自身的认知无差异，但家长在场时第二次治疗出现了更多不适（p=0.021）。在两组中，牙医给出的韦纳姆评分（孩子行为表现更好）均低于家长（在场：p=0.001，不在场：p=0.038）。孩子的评分低于家长和儿科牙医。
唯一显著的发现在于孩子对最后一次治疗的认知与牙医对家长在场时孩子行为的评分之间存在对立。家长对孩子行为的评分与家长是否在场无关。
