Department of Advanced Studies in Education and Counseling, California State University, Long Beach, California 90840-2201, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2012 Feb;25(1):106-10. doi: 10.1002/jts.21663.
Urban, socially disadvantaged individuals are at high risk for traumatic event exposure and its subsequent psychiatric symptomatology. This study examined the association between race/ethnicity and symptom severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and depression in an urban clinical sample of 170 trauma-exposed adults. In addition, this study investigated the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) and coping style in the relationship between race/ethnicity and posttrauma psychiatric symptom severity. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that Blacks had lower depression symptom severity compared to Whites. No significant relationship was found between racial/ethnic group status and indices of SEP, PTSD, or GAD symptom severity. Adjustment for trauma exposure, gender, positive reframe coping, avoidance coping and negative coping accounted for 3%, 3%, 8%, 4%, and 3% of the variance in depression severity, respectively; however, Black race remained significantly associated with decreased depression symptom severity accounting for a statistically significant 5% of the variance in lower depression symptom severity. These preliminary findings and their clinical implications are discussed.
城市中社会地位较低的人群面临着更高的创伤性事件暴露风险，以及随之而来的各种精神症状。本研究调查了种族/民族与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）和抑郁症状严重程度在 170 名创伤后成年人的城市临床样本中的关联。此外，本研究还探讨了社会经济地位（SEP）和应对方式在种族/民族与创伤后精神症状严重程度之间的关系中的作用。分层回归分析表明，与白人相比，黑人的抑郁症状严重程度较低。种族/民族群体状况与 SEP、PTSD 或 GAD 症状严重程度之间没有显著关系。调整创伤暴露、性别、积极重构应对、回避应对和消极应对分别解释了抑郁严重程度的 3%、3%、8%、4%和 3%的方差，但黑人种族仍然与抑郁症状严重程度显著相关，解释了抑郁症状严重程度降低的 5%的方差，具有统计学意义。讨论了这些初步发现及其临床意义。
