Evolutionary Genomics Group, Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, Universidad Miguel Hernádez, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2011;1:135. doi: 10.1038/srep00135. Epub 2011 Oct 31.
We describe the microbiota of two hypersaline saltern ponds, one of intermediate salinity (19%) and a NaCl saturated crystallizer pond (37%) using pyrosequencing. The analyses of these metagenomes (nearly 784 Mb) reaffirmed the vast dominance of Haloquadratum walsbyi but also revealed novel, abundant and previously unsuspected microbial groups. We describe for the first time, a group of low GC Actinobacteria, related to freshwater Actinobacteria, abundant in low and intermediate salinities. Metagenomic assembly revealed three new abundant microbes: a low-GC euryarchaeon with the lowest GC content described for any euryarchaeon, a high-GC euryarchaeon and a gammaproteobacterium related to Alkalilimnicola and Nitrococcus. Multiple displacement amplification and sequencing of the genome from a single archaeal cell of the new low GC euryarchaeon suggest a photoheterotrophic and polysaccharide-degrading lifestyle and its relatedness to the recently described lineage of Nanohaloarchaea. These discoveries reveal the combined power of an unbiased metagenomic and single cell genomic approach.
我们使用焦磷酸测序技术描述了两个高盐度盐田池塘的微生物群落，一个池塘的盐度为中等（19%），另一个是 NaCl 饱和结晶器池塘（37%）。这些宏基因组（近 784 Mb）的分析再次证实了 Haloquadratum walsbyi 的巨大优势，但也揭示了新的、丰富的和以前未被怀疑的微生物群体。我们首次描述了一组低 GC 放线菌，它们与淡水放线菌有关，在低盐度和中等盐度下丰富。宏基因组组装揭示了三种新的丰富微生物：一种低 GC 古菌，其 GC 含量是所有古菌中最低的，一种高 GC 古菌和一种与 Alkalilimnicola 和 Nitrococcus 相关的γ变形菌。从新的低 GC 古菌的单个古菌细胞中进行基因组的多重置换扩增和测序表明，其具有光异养和多糖降解的生活方式，并与其最近描述的 Nanohaloarchaea 谱系有关。这些发现揭示了无偏宏基因组和单细胞基因组方法的结合力量。
