Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
J Clin Neurosci. 2012 May;19(5):757-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.04.037. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
Occipital condyle (OC) screws are an alternative cephalad fixation point in occipitocervical fusion. Safe placement of occipital, C1 lateral mass, and C2 pars screws have been described previously, but not OC screws. The craniocervical junction is complex, and a thorough understanding of the anatomy is needed. Three-dimensional (3D) image-guided navigation was used in six patients. There were no complications related to image-guided navigation during the placement of 12 OC screws and we found that this navigation can serve as a useful adjunct when placing an OC screw. Technical considerations of placing OC and C1 lateral mass screws are discussed with particular reference to patient positioning and the StealthStation® S7™ image-guided navigational platform (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA). The reference arc is attached to the head-clamp and faces forward. The optical camera and monitor are positioned at the head of the table for a direct, non-obstructed line-of-sight. To minimize intersegmental movement, the OC should not be drilled until all other screws have been placed. We conclude that 3D image-guided navigation is a useful adjunct that can be safely and effectively used for placement of instrumentation of the upper cervical spine including the OC.
枕骨髁(OC)螺钉是枕颈融合中替代颅端固定点的一种选择。以前已经描述过安全放置枕骨、C1 侧块和 C2 椎弓根螺钉,但没有 OC 螺钉的描述。颅颈交界区结构复杂,需要充分了解解剖结构。我们在 6 名患者中使用了三维(3D)影像引导导航。在放置 12 枚 OC 螺钉的过程中,没有与影像引导导航相关的并发症,我们发现该导航在放置 OC 螺钉时可以作为有用的辅助手段。讨论了放置 OC 和 C1 侧块螺钉的技术注意事项,特别提到了患者的体位和 StealthStation® S7™影像引导导航平台(Medtronic,Minneapolis,MN,USA)。参考弧连接到头架上,面向前方。光学相机和监视器放置在头台的头部,以便直接、无障碍地观察视线。为了尽量减少节段间运动,在放置所有其他螺钉之前,不应钻 OC。我们得出结论,3D 影像引导导航是一种有用的辅助手段,可安全有效地用于放置上颈椎的器械,包括 OC。
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