Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, 3 place V. Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France.
Cognition. 2012 May;123(2):280-92. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2012.01.003. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
We describe a multiple-route model of reading development in which coarse-grained orthographic processing plays a key role in optimizing access to semantics via whole-word orthographic representations. This forms part of the direct orthographic route that gradually replaces phonological recoding during the initial phases of reading acquisition. The model predicts distinct developmental trajectories for pseudo-homophone and transposed-letter effects - two benchmark phenomena associated with phonological recoding and coarse-grained orthographic processing, respectively. Pseudo-homophone effects should decrease over the first years of reading acquisition, whereas transposed-letter effects should initially increase. These predictions were tested in a lexical decision task with 334 children in grades 1-5, and 29 skilled adult readers. In line with the predictions, we found that the pseudo-homophone effect diminished as reading level increased, whereas the transposed-letter effect first increased and then diminished.
我们描述了一种阅读发展的多路径模型，其中粗粒度的正字法加工在通过整体字形表示优化语义访问方面起着关键作用。这是直接正字法途径的一部分，该途径在阅读习得的初始阶段逐渐取代语音编码。该模型预测了假同音字和字母换位效应的不同发展轨迹——这两个现象分别与语音编码和粗粒度正字法加工有关。假同音字效应应该在阅读习得的最初几年中减少，而字母换位效应则应该最初增加。这些预测在一项词汇判断任务中得到了 334 名 1-5 年级儿童和 29 名熟练成年读者的检验。与预测一致，我们发现随着阅读水平的提高，假同音字效应逐渐减弱，而字母换位效应最初增加然后减弱。
