Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Affect Disord. 2012 May;138(3):494-502. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.013. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is presumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of depression.
We determined the gene expression of 32 markers of the pathways of the two main neurotransmitters of the PFC, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and l-glutamic acid (glutamate), by real-time quantitative PCR in human postmortem anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) in elderly non-suicidal patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD).
We found the transcript levels of GABA(A) receptor beta 2 (GABRB2) and post-synaptic density-95 (PSD-95) to be significantly decreased in the ACC in mood disorder. DLPFC mRNA expression of all the detected genes in the mood disorder group did not differ significantly from that of the non-psychiatric controls.
Several inherent and potentially confounding factors of a postmortem study, such as medication and cause of death, did not seem to affect the conclusions. The group size was relatively small but well documented, both clinically and neuropathologically.
The observed alterations in the GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways indicate a diminished activity. These alterations were only present in the ACC and not in the DLPFC.
前额皮质（PFC）被认为与抑郁症的发病机制有关。
我们通过实时定量 PCR 测定了 32 种 PFC 两种主要神经递质γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和 l-谷氨酸（谷氨酸）途径标记物的基因表达，这些标记物存在于老年非自杀性抑郁症（MDD）或双相情感障碍（BD）患者死后的前扣带回皮质（ACC）和背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）中。
我们发现，在心境障碍患者的 ACC 中，GABA(A) 受体β 2（GABRB2）和突触后密度蛋白-95（PSD-95）的转录水平显著降低。在心境障碍组中，所有检测到的基因在 DLPFC 中的 mRNA 表达与非精神病对照组相比没有显著差异。
一些尸检研究固有的潜在混杂因素，如药物和死因，似乎没有影响结论。该组的规模相对较小，但在临床和神经病理学方面都有很好的记录。
观察到的 GABA 能和谷氨酸能途径的改变表明活性降低。这些改变仅存在于 ACC 中，而不存在于 DLPFC 中。
