育雏前期体重、采食量和日粮蛋白质摄入量对肉种鸡早期繁殖性能的影响。

Effect of body weight, feed allowance, and dietary protein intake during the prebreeder period on early reproductive performance of broiler breeder hens.

作者信息

Lilburn M S, Myers-Miller D J

机构信息

Poultry Science Department, Ohio State University, Wooster 44691.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 1990 Jul;69(7):1118-25. doi: 10.3382/ps.0691118.

DOI:10.3382/ps.0691118

PMID:2235831

Abstract

In Experiment 1, two groups (n = 180) of breeder pullets were selected at 16 wk from two larger groups with BW of either 1,591 +/- 43 (LBW) or 1,988 +/- 59 g (HBW). From 16 wk of age until a peak feed allotment of 159 g per bird per day, weekly feed allowances were increased in a low (LOW), medium (MED), or high (HIGH) manner. There were significant differences (P less than .05) in BW between the LBW and HBW treatments through 32 wk of age. Within each pullet weight class, the HIGH treatment was numerically heaviest through 32 wk. The HBW hens had significantly improved hen-day production from 24 to 28 (P less than .001) and 28 to 32 wk (P less than .06). The LOW treatment resulted in significantly poorer production in both the LBW and HBW weight groups from 24 to 28 wk. There were no signficant treatment effects on egg weight at a given age. Within each pullet treatment, the HIGH treatment resulted in an increased percentage of double yolked (DY) eggs from 24 to 28 wk (P less than .05) and 28 to 32 wk (P less than .07). In experiment 2, pullets in each of two pullet treatments received approximately 12 kg of feed from 2 to 24 wk of age. One treatment received a greater quantity of feed early in the rearing period (HEAVY) while pullets in the other treatment received a greater quantity of feed later in the rearing period (LIGHT). One-half of the pullets from each rearing treatment were fed either a 14% (LOWPRO) or 18% (HIGHPRO) protein diet during the prelay period (18 to 24 wk). Pullets in the HEAVY treatment were significantly heavier (P less than .01) than those in the LIGHT treatment at 21 but not at 24 wk. The HIGHPRO treatment resulted in a significant improvement (P less than .05) in hen-day egg production from 24 to 28 and 28 to 32 wk. There were no treatment effects on egg weight, and the LOWPRO treatment resulted in a significant increase (P less than or equal to .01) in the number of DY eggs from 28 to 32 wk.

摘要

在实验1中，从两个较大的群体中挑选出两组（每组n = 180只）育成小母鸡，16周龄时，其体重分别为1591±43克（低体重组，LBW）或1988±59克（高体重组，HBW）。从16周龄至每只鸡每天的峰值饲料分配量159克，每周的饲料供应量以低（LOW）、中（MED）或高（HIGH）的方式增加。在32周龄前，低体重组和高体重组之间的体重存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。在每个小母鸡体重类别中，到32周龄时，高营养处理组在数值上体重最重。高体重组母鸡在24至28周（P < 0.001）和28至32周（P < 0.06）的日产蛋量显著提高。在24至28周期间，低营养处理组导致低体重组和高体重组的产蛋性能显著较差。在给定年龄时，各处理对蛋重没有显著影响。在每个小母鸡处理组中，高营养处理组在24至28周（P < 0.05）和28至32周（P < 0.07）双黄蛋（DY）的比例增加。在实验2中，两个小母鸡处理组中的每一组小母鸡在2至24周龄期间大约采食12千克饲料。一种处理在育雏期早期采食较多的饲料（重采食组，HEAVY），而另一种处理的小母鸡在育雏期后期采食较多的饲料（轻采食组，LIGHT）。在产蛋前期（18至24周），每个育雏处理组的一半小母鸡分别饲喂14%（低蛋白组，LOWPRO）或18%（高蛋白组，HIGHPRO）的蛋白质日粮。重采食组的小母鸡在21周龄时显著重于轻采食组（P < 0.01），但在24周龄时并非如此。高蛋白处理组在24至28周和28至32周的日产蛋量显著提高（P < 0.05）。各处理对蛋重没有影响，低蛋白处理组在28至32周双黄蛋的数量显著增加（P ≤ 0.01）。