Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42nd and Dewey Avenue, 68105-1065, Omaha, NE, USA.
Cytotechnology. 1989 Dec;2(4):333-50. doi: 10.1007/BF00364997.
Recent evidence strongly suggests that production of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is regulated by several mechanisms, including noncoordinate expression of the PDGF A- and B-chain genes, alternative transcript splicing, differential mRNA stability, and translational control. Considerable progress has also been made in our understanding of PDGF receptors. Recent studies demonstrate that there are two distinct PDGF receptor genes. PDGF receptors can undergo dimerization and it has been postulated that dimerization can lead to the formation of three different receptor dimers. In addition, it appears that dimerization is required for activation of PDGF receptors and the biological activity of PDGF. Although relatively little is known about the regulation of PDGF receptors, PDGF receptors are known to be down regulated by PDGF, and expression of PDGF receptors begins relatively early during embryogenesis. Furthermore, the binding of PDGF is regulated by cell density. Unexpectedly, recent evidence suggests that PDGF can localize to the nucleus, which suggests an intranuclear function for PDGF may exist. Together, these findings imply a complex and multi-leveled regulatory scheme for controlling the production of PDGF and its receptors.
最近的证据强烈表明，血小板衍生生长因子 (PDGF) 的产生受多种机制调控，包括 PDGF A 链和 B 链基因的非协调表达、选择性转录剪接、mRNA 稳定性差异和翻译控制。人们对 PDGF 受体的理解也取得了相当大的进展。最近的研究表明，存在两种不同的 PDGF 受体基因。PDGF 受体可以发生二聚化，并且有人假设二聚化可以导致形成三种不同的受体二聚体。此外，似乎二聚化对于 PDGF 受体的激活和 PDGF 的生物学活性是必需的。尽管相对而言，人们对 PDGF 受体的调节知之甚少，但已知 PDGF 可以下调 PDGF 受体，并且 PDGF 受体的表达在胚胎发生的早期就开始了。此外，PDGF 的结合受到细胞密度的调节。出乎意料的是，最近的证据表明 PDGF 可以定位到细胞核，这表明 PDGF 可能存在核内功能。这些发现共同表明，控制 PDGF 及其受体产生的调控方案复杂且具有多层次性。
