First Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Aghia Sofia, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Thivon & Papadiamantopoulou Str., GR-115-27 Athens, Greece.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012 May-Jun;54(3):e342-8. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2012.01.012. Epub 2012 Feb 22.
Self-rated health (SRH) is an inclusive measure of public health that is correlated with quality of life and subsequent mortality. Extensive literature has identified multiple determinants of SRH in different populations. However, such studies on centenarians are scarce and parsimonious. Our objective is to identify SRH determinants in centenarians. This is a nationwide cross-sectional study on 400 Greek centenarians that was carried out between 2007 and 2010. SRH was evaluated by a simple question with a 5-point scale. Three categories of SRH were formed (very good/good/poor), which served as the dependent variable in multinomial regression models. Various sociodemographic, disease-related, lifestyle and psychosocial variables were assessed as candidate determinants of SRH. According to our results, SRH ratings among centenarians were better than that expected according to previous studies showing worse SRH ratings with increasing age in Greece. The 22.4% of the variance in SRH among centenarians was predicted by gender, habitat region and status, financial problems, disease presence and autonomy. Among lifestyle and psychosocial variables, obesity, good relationships with children, lack of feelings of loneliness, high optimism, adaptability and an internal health locus of control profile were independently associated with good SRH. These results indicate that SRH in individuals of extreme longevity were related to specific personal psychosocial factors that contribute to healthy aging and thus support the biopsychosocial model of health promotion.
自评健康（SRH）是衡量公众健康的综合指标，与生活质量和随后的死亡率相关。大量文献已经确定了不同人群中 SRH 的多个决定因素。然而，关于百岁老人的此类研究很少且很简约。我们的目的是确定百岁老人的 SRH 决定因素。这是一项在 2007 年至 2010 年间对 400 名希腊百岁老人进行的全国性横断面研究。SRH 通过一个简单的五分制问题进行评估。将 SRH 分为三个等级（非常好/好/差），作为多项回归模型的因变量。评估了各种社会人口统计学、疾病相关、生活方式和心理社会变量，作为 SRH 的候选决定因素。根据我们的结果，百岁老人的 SRH 评分优于根据希腊以往研究中年龄增长导致 SRH 评分变差的预期。百岁老人中 SRH 的 22.4%差异由性别、居住地和状态、经济问题、疾病存在和自主性预测。在生活方式和心理社会变量中，肥胖、与子女的良好关系、缺乏孤独感、高度乐观、适应性和内部健康控制源特征与良好的 SRH 独立相关。这些结果表明，处于极端长寿的个体的 SRH 与特定的个人心理社会因素有关，这些因素有助于健康老龄化，从而支持健康促进的生物心理社会模型。
