Collet T-H, Pasche O, Ceppi M, Nanchen D, Amstutz V, Gonthier A, Fasel E, El Olmi K, Bodenmann P
PMU, 1011 Lausanne.
Rev Med Suisse. 2012 Feb 1;8(326):270-5.
In 2011 several articles seemed significant for the practice of general medicine. Diagnosis of hypertension needs several measurements and may need 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Glycosylated hemoglobin is a reliable tool to diagnose diabetes mellitus. The ABCD2 score with neurological imaging help the triage of transient ischemic attacks. Pulmonary embolism can be treated as outpatient for low risk patients. Gluten-free diet may be tried in irritable bowel syndrome. Nitrofurantoin is a reasonable alternative for simple urinary tract infection in women, but antibiotics are not needed after drainage of an uncomplicated skin abscess. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is a risk factor of osteoporosis in older men. Sequential use of MMSE and ACE scores is a promising approach to assess medical decision-making capacity.
2011年有几篇文章对普通医学实践具有重要意义。高血压的诊断需要多次测量，可能还需要进行24小时动态血压监测。糖化血红蛋白是诊断糖尿病的可靠工具。ABCD2评分结合神经影像学有助于短暂性脑缺血发作的分诊。低风险患者的肺栓塞可作为门诊患者进行治疗。肠易激综合征患者可尝试无麸质饮食。呋喃妥因是女性单纯性尿路感染的合理替代药物，但单纯性皮肤脓肿引流后无需使用抗生素。亚临床甲状腺功能减退是老年男性骨质疏松症的危险因素。序贯使用MMSE和ACE评分是评估医疗决策能力的一种有前景的方法。
