Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
Public Health. 2012 Apr;126(4):324-31. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2012.01.003. Epub 2012 Feb 24.
To examine dietary status and its risk factors among adults aged 40-74 years at high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in an economically and medically underserved population.
Cross-sectional survey in 2007.
A survey was conducted among a random sample (n = 1844) nested in a screening cohort of a rural population in Jiashan County, China. Information about diet, family history of CRC and other factors was collected by questionnaire. The primary outcome was dietary status, assessed by consumption (servings/week) of plant-based food and unhealthy food. Linear or multinomial logistic regressions were used to determine risk factors for dietary status.
On average, individuals with a family history of CRC ate 2.25 fewer servings of plant-based food each week compared with individuals without a family history of CRC. Individuals who smoked and drank alcohol ate less plant-based food. After stratification by gender, there were multiple determinants for consumption of plant-based food for men, including family history of CRC, smoking, alcohol consumption and income. For women, the only association was found for income. Consumption of unhealthy food was positively associated with high income and high body mass index. Determinants for an unhealthy diet were the same in both genders.
There are gender disparities in the consumption of plant-based food and the risk factors for CRC in medically and economically underserved populations. Men's insufficient consumption of plant-based food and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, such as smoking and drinking, may explain, in part, why men have a higher risk of CRC than women.
在一个医疗资源和经济条件都相对匮乏的人群中，研究 40-74 岁结直肠癌高危人群的饮食状况及其危险因素。
2007 年的横断面调查。
在中国嘉善县的一个农村人群筛查队列中，通过随机抽样（n=1844）进行了一项调查。通过问卷收集了有关饮食、结直肠癌家族史和其他因素的信息。主要结局是通过食用（每周份）植物性食物和不健康食物来评估饮食状况。采用线性或多项逻辑回归来确定饮食状况的危险因素。
平均而言，有结直肠癌家族史的个体每周食用的植物性食物比没有结直肠癌家族史的个体少 2.25 份。吸烟和饮酒的个体摄入的植物性食物较少。按性别分层后，男性食用植物性食物的多种决定因素包括结直肠癌家族史、吸烟、饮酒和收入。对于女性，仅发现收入与食用植物性食物有关。不健康食物的消费与高收入和高身体质量指数呈正相关。不健康饮食的决定因素在两性中相同。
在医疗和经济条件匮乏的人群中，男性和女性在植物性食物的消费和结直肠癌的危险因素方面存在性别差异。男性植物性食物摄入不足和不健康的生活方式行为，如吸烟和饮酒，可能部分解释了为什么男性结直肠癌的风险高于女性。
