Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2012 Sep;19(5):1003-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.02.001. Epub 2012 Feb 9.
In this study ultrasonic (US) pretreatment was investigated with the aim of improving the anaerobic digestion of sunflower oil cake (SuOC), the solid waste derived from the extraction process of sunflower oil. Five ultrasonic pretreatment assays were conducted at specific energy (SE) and sonication times in a range from 24,000 kJ/kg TS and 16.6 min (assay 1: US1) to 597,600 kJ/kg TS and 331.2 min (assay 5: US5), respectively, all operating at a constant sonication frequency (20 kHz) and ultrasonic power (120 W). As regards ultrasonic pretreatment, the working conditions of the first assay (US1) using samples of SuOC at 2% (w/v) showed to be the most appropriate in terms of both lignin and hemicellulose degradation (57.7% and 66.7%, respectively) and cellulose increase (54% increase with respect to its initial concentration). The percentage of COD solubilization increased from only 14% to 21% when SE was 25 times higher. Results obtained in batch anaerobic digestion experiments (biochemical methane potential - BMP - tests) conducted at 35°C of the solid and liquid fractions released from the different ultrasonic conditions tested, indicated that for the first experiment (US1) the average ultimate methane yield obtained was 53.8% higher than that achieved for untreated SuOC. Finally, the kinetic constants of the anaerobic digestion of the solid and liquid fractions released after the ultrasonic pretreatment were virtually independent of the operation conditions assayed.
在这项研究中，我们研究了超声波（US）预处理，旨在提高向日葵油饼（SuOC）的厌氧消化效率，SuOC 是从向日葵油提取过程中产生的固体废物。我们进行了五次超声预处理实验，在特定能量（SE）和超声时间范围内进行，范围从 24,000 kJ/kg TS 和 16.6 分钟（实验 1：US1）到 597,600 kJ/kg TS 和 331.2 分钟（实验 5：US5），所有实验均在恒定的超声频率（20 kHz）和超声功率（120 W）下进行。就超声预处理而言，使用 2%（w/v）SuOC 样品的第一个实验（US1）的工作条件在木质素和半纤维素降解方面（分别为 57.7%和 66.7%）和纤维素增加（与初始浓度相比增加了 54%）方面显示出最合适的条件。当 SE 增加 25 倍时，COD 溶解百分比从仅 14%增加到 21%。在 35°C 下进行的分批厌氧消化实验（生物甲烷潜力 - BMP - 测试）中，对从不同超声条件下释放的固体和液体部分进行了测试，结果表明，对于第一个实验（US1），获得的平均最终甲烷产率比未处理的 SuOC 高 53.8%。最后，超声预处理后释放的固体和液体部分的厌氧消化动力学常数几乎与所测试的操作条件无关。
