西班牙普通人群中外眦狭窄的患病率及相关因素。

Prevalence and associations of external punctal stenosis in a general population in Spain.

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.

出版信息

Cornea. 2012 Nov;31(11):1240-5. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e31823f8eca.

DOI:10.1097/ICO.0b013e31823f8eca

PMID:22367046

Abstract

PURPOSE

To determine the prevalence of external punctal stenosis (EPS) and to investigate its associations in a general adult population in northwestern Spain.

METHODS

A total of 1155 subjects ≥ 40 years were selected by an age-stratified random sample procedure in O Salnés (Spain). An interview was carried out to collect history of systemic diseases and lifestyle details, and a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation in which EPS was recorded. The prevalence of EPS and its relationship with demographic, lifestyle, and systemic and ocular factors was investigated. All calculations were weighted to give unbiased estimates.

RESULTS

From 937 eligible subjects, 621 (66.3%) participated [mean age (SD), 63.4 (14.5) years; range, 40-96 years; 37.0% men). The prevalence of EPS was 17.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 14.8-19.8). This prevalence increased significantly with aging (P = 0.000) and was 13.8% (95% CI, 10.3-18.3) in men and 19.4% (95% CI, 16.1-23.2) in women. After controlling for age and sex, EPS was associated with outdoor occupational activity (age and sex adjusted odd ratio [ORa], 2.22; 95% CI, 1.31-3.37) and with degenerative disorders such as pinguecula (ORa, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.15-1.89) but not with inflammatory disorders such as blepharitis or dry eye. A multivariable analysis in which sex differences also became significant (P = 0.024) confirmed these associations.

CONCLUSIONS

External punctual stenosis is a common disorder associated with outdoor occupational activity. Processes associated with tissue degeneration but not with inflammation are highly prevalent among subjects with EPS. Modifiable factors, such as sun exposure, must be addressed to reduce the impact of this disorder.

摘要

目的

在西班牙西北部的一个普通成年人群体中，确定外部泪点狭窄（EPS）的患病率，并探讨其相关性。

方法

通过分层随机抽样程序在 O Salnés（西班牙）中选择了 1155 名≥40 岁的受试者。进行了一次访谈，以收集病史和生活方式细节，并进行了全面的眼科评估，记录了 EPS。调查了 EPS 的患病率及其与人口统计学、生活方式、系统和眼部因素的关系。所有计算均经过加权处理，以给出无偏估计。

结果

从 937 名合格的受试者中，有 621 名（66.3%）参加了研究[平均年龄（SD），63.4（14.5）岁；范围，40-96 岁；男性占 37.0%]。EPS 的患病率为 17.3%[95%置信区间（CI），14.8-19.8]。这种患病率随着年龄的增长而显著增加（P=0.000），男性为 13.8%（95%CI，10.3-18.3），女性为 19.4%（95%CI，16.1-23.2）。在控制年龄和性别后，EPS 与户外职业活动相关（年龄和性别调整后的优势比[ORa]，2.22；95%CI，1.31-3.37），与翼状胬肉等退行性疾病相关（ORa，1.48；95%CI，1.15-1.89），但与睑缘炎或干眼症等炎症性疾病无关。在一个性别差异也变得显著的多变量分析中（P=0.024），证实了这些关联。