Department of Ophthalmology, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.
Eye (Lond). 2011 Mar;25(3):350-7. doi: 10.1038/eye.2010.204. Epub 2010 Dec 24.
To determine the prevalence of pinguecula and pterygium and to investigate their associations in a general adult population in North-Western Spain.
An age-stratified random sample of 1155 subjects ≥ 40 years was selected in O Salnés (Spain). From 937 eligible subjects, 619 (66.1%) participated (mean age (SD): 63.4 (14.5) years, range: 40-96 years, 37.0% males). An interview to collect history of systemic diseases and lifestyle details and a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation in which pinguecula and pterygium were recorded was carried out. The prevalence of pinguecula and pterygium and their relationship with lifestyle factors and ocular and systemic diseases was investigated.
The prevalence of pinguecula was 47.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 43.9-51.9). This prevalence increased significantly with aging (P = 0.002) and was higher in men (56.4%; 95% CI: 50.0-62.7) than in women (42.7%; 95% CI: 37.8-47.8) (P=0.001). The prevalence of pterygium was 5.9% (95% CI: 4.3-7.9). This prevalence also increased significantly with aging (P = 0.005) and was 4.8% (95% CI: 2.6-8.4) in men and 6.5% (95% CI: 4.5-9.3) in women (P = 0.346). After controlling for age and sex, pinguecula was associated with alcohol intake (adjusted odds ratio (OR(a)): 3.08; 95% CI: 1.60-5.95), pterygium with fluorescein staining (OR(a): 2.64; 95% CI: 1.08-6.46) and both disorders with outer activity (OR(a): 2.07; 95% CI: 1.36-3.15 and 2.28; 95% CI: 1.04-4.98, respectively).
Pinguecula is far more common than pterygium. Alcohol consumption is strongly associated with pinguecula. Fluorescein staining is highly prevalent in subjects with pterygium. Both disorders increase with age and are associated with outer activity.
在西班牙西北部的一个普通成年人群中，确定翼状胬肉和结膜下黄色瘤的患病率，并探讨它们之间的关联。
在奥萨利恩斯（西班牙）进行了一项分层随机抽样，共纳入 1155 名年龄≥40 岁的受试者。在 937 名合格的受试者中，有 619 名（66.1%）参与了研究（平均年龄（标准差）：63.4（14.5）岁，范围：40-96 岁，37.0%为男性）。对所有参与者进行了访谈，以收集病史和生活方式的详细信息，并进行了全面的眼科评估，记录了结膜下黄色瘤和翼状胬肉的情况。研究了结膜下黄色瘤和翼状胬肉的患病率及其与生活方式因素、眼部和系统性疾病的关系。
结膜下黄色瘤的患病率为 47.9%（95%置信区间（CI）：43.9-51.9）。该患病率随年龄增长显著增加（P=0.002），男性（56.4%；95%CI：50.0-62.7）高于女性（42.7%；95%CI：37.8-47.8）（P=0.001）。翼状胬肉的患病率为 5.9%（95%CI：4.3-7.9）。该患病率也随年龄增长显著增加（P=0.005），男性为 4.8%（95%CI：2.6-8.4），女性为 6.5%（95%CI：4.5-9.3）（P=0.346）。在校正年龄和性别后，结膜下黄色瘤与饮酒（校正优势比（OR(a)）：3.08；95%CI：1.60-5.95）有关，翼状胬肉与荧光素染色（OR(a)）：2.64；95%CI：1.08-6.46）有关，两种疾病均与户外活动（OR(a)）有关：2.07；95%CI：1.36-3.15 和 2.28；95%CI：1.04-4.98）。
结膜下黄色瘤比翼状胬肉更为常见。饮酒与结膜下黄色瘤密切相关。荧光素染色在翼状胬肉患者中很常见。两种疾病都随年龄增长而增加，且与户外活动有关。
