Kjersem H, Jepsen S, Larsen L, Black F
Department of Treponematoses, Toxoplasmosis Laboratory, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen.
Scand J Soc Med. 1990 Sep;18(3):175-8. doi: 10.1177/140349489001800304.
One per cent of ten thousand refugees were asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella and Shigella species found by a differentiated health check programme at a Danish Red Cross arrival centre in Denmark 1985 and 1986. Six patients with typhoid fever and one with S. parathyphi-A septicaemia all fell ill within the first few weeks after arrival. A child of a chronic S. typhi carrier developed typhoid fever four months after arrival. Cases of sporadic and mild diarrhoea occurred due to Salmonella and Shigella species. The carriers were instructed in prophylactic, hygienic measures and no outbreaks developed. The health check system in this period seemed to be sufficient in relation to preventing outbreaks of infections caused by non-typhoid Salmonella and Shigella species. The relative cost-effectiveness of a more intensive S. typhi screening on arrival is questionable. The organization of health check systems should be reviewed regularly, as each refugee situation is different and will change in different periods.
1985年和1986年在丹麦红十字会丹麦入境中心开展的一项差异化健康检查项目发现,万名难民中有1%是沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌的无症状携带者。6例伤寒患者和1例甲型副伤寒败血症患者均在抵达后的头几周内发病。一名慢性伤寒携带者的孩子在抵达四个月后患上了伤寒。沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌导致了散发性轻度腹泻病例。携带者接受了预防性卫生措施指导,未发生疫情。这一时期的健康检查系统在预防非伤寒沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌引起的感染暴发方面似乎是足够的。抵达时进行更密集的伤寒杆菌筛查的相对成本效益值得怀疑。健康检查系统的组织应定期审查,因为每个难民情况都不同,且在不同时期会发生变化。