Wang Ya-Jie, Sun Hua, Liu Geng-Tao, Chen Xiao-Guang
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2011 Dec;46(12):1413-9.
p53 (encoded by TP53) is undoubtedly one of the most extensively studied genes and proteins. It is a highly potent transcription factor which, under normal circumstances, is maintained at low level. Both genotoxic and non-genotoxic stresses can induce p53 stabilized leading to changes in the expression of p53-responsive genes. The biological outcome inducing this pathway can be either growth arrest and apoptosis or senescence to maintain the integrity of the genome or to delete the damaged cells. The biochemical activity of p53 itself and the cellular environment govern the choice between these outcomes in a cell type- and stress-specific manner. So, p53 is a pivotal tumour suppressor and a mainstay of our body's natural anticancer defence. This review could provide some useful information for further study on the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and its progression, and also could contribute to the discovery of antitumor agents.
p53（由TP53编码）无疑是研究最为广泛的基因和蛋白质之一。它是一种高效的转录因子，在正常情况下维持在低水平。基因毒性和非基因毒性应激均可诱导p53稳定，导致p53反应性基因表达发生变化。诱导该途径的生物学结果可以是生长停滞、凋亡或衰老，以维持基因组的完整性或清除受损细胞。p53自身的生化活性和细胞环境以细胞类型和应激特异性方式决定这些结果之间的选择。因此，p53是关键的肿瘤抑制因子，也是人体天然抗癌防御的中流砥柱。本综述可为进一步研究肿瘤发生及其进展机制提供一些有用信息，也有助于发现抗肿瘤药物。
