Wang P, Crowder D W, Liu S-S
Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Department of Entomology, Washington State University, 166 FSHN Building, PO Box 646382, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Bull Entomol Res. 2012 Aug;102(4):395-405. doi: 10.1017/S000748531100071X. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
Interference competition between closely related alien and indigenous species often influences the outcome of biological invasions. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci species complex contains ≥28 putative species and two of them, Mediterranean (MED, formally referred to as the 'Q biotype') and Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1, formally referred to as the 'B biotype'), have recently spread to much of the world. In many invaded regions, these species have displaced closely related indigenous whitefly species. In this study, we integrated laboratory population experiments, behavioural observations and simulation modelling to investigate the capacity of MED to displace Asia II 1 (AII1, formally referred to as the 'ZHJ2 biotype'), an indigenous whitefly widely distributed in Asia. Our results show that intensive mating interactions occur between MED and AII1, leading to reduced fecundity and progeny female ratio in AII1, as well as an increase in progeny female ratio in MED. In turn, our population cage experiments demonstrated that MED has the capacity to displace AII1 in a few generations. Using simulation models, we then show that both asymmetric mating interactions and differences in life history traits between the two species contribute substantially to the process of displacement. These findings would help explain the displacement of AII1 by MED in the field and, together with earlier studies on mating interactions between other species of the B. tabaci complex, indicate the widespread significance of asymmetric mating interactions in whitefly species exclusions.
亲缘关系较近的外来物种与本地物种之间的干扰竞争常常会影响生物入侵的结果。烟粉虱复合种包含≥28个假定物种，其中的地中海烟粉虱（MED，以前称为“Q生物型”）和中东-小亚细亚1烟粉虱（MEAM1，以前称为“B生物型”）最近已扩散到世界许多地区。在许多入侵地区，这些物种已取代了亲缘关系较近的本地粉虱物种。在本研究中，我们综合了实验室种群实验、行为观察和模拟建模，以研究MED取代亚洲II 1烟粉虱（AII1，以前称为“ZHJ2生物型”，一种广泛分布于亚洲的本地粉虱）的能力。我们的结果表明，MED和AII1之间发生了强烈的交配相互作用，导致AII1的繁殖力和后代雌性比例降低，以及MED的后代雌性比例增加。反过来，我们的种群笼实验表明，MED有能力在几代内取代AII1。然后，我们使用模拟模型表明，两种物种之间不对称的交配相互作用和生活史特征差异对取代过程有很大贡献。这些发现将有助于解释野外MED对AII1的取代现象，并且与早期关于烟粉虱复合种其他物种之间交配相互作用的研究一起，表明不对称交配相互作用在粉虱物种排斥中具有广泛的重要性。
